Fast Food and Thinking Slow

Investing: “It’s not supposed to be easy. Anyone who finds it easy is stupid.” – Charlie Munger

Over the past 2 years, McDonald’s stock is up over 70% while Chipotle’s is down 38%.

Was this expected to happen? Not exactly.

In July 2015, Chipotle’s stock had advanced 70% over the prior 2 years while McDonald’s gained only 4%.

At the time (2 years ago), most everyone was bullish on Chipotle and bearish on McDonald’s. A few reasons why, beyond the wide differential in recent stock market performance:

First-level thinking in July 2015 would have consisted of the following:

  • Chipotle is great company and McDonald’s is bad company.

  • I think Chipotle’s earnings will rise and McDonald’s will fall.

  • I want to buy Chipotle and sell/short McDonald’s.

Second-level thinking in July 2015 would have consisted of the following:

  • Chipotle is a good company but everyone thinks it’s a great company. I think Chipotle’s earnings will rise less than people expect. By extension, Chipotle’s stock is overloved and overvalued.

  • McDonald’s is a good company but everyone thinks it’s a bad company. I think McDonald’s earnings will fall less than people expect. By extension, McDonald’s stock is underloved and undervalued.

  • I want to buy McDonald’s and sell/short Chipotle.

With the benefit of hindsight, selling Chipotle and buying McDonald’s in July 2015 may have seemed like an easy decision. In reality, it was anything but. As Howard Marks wrote:

“Anyone who thinks it is easy is a first-level thinker … first-level thinkers see what’s on the surface, react simplistically, and buy or sell on the basis of their reactions … the first-level thinker simply looks for the highest-quality company, the best product, earnings growth or the lowest p/e ratio. He’s ignorant of the very existence of a second level at which to think, and of the need to pursue it.”