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Thanks, Salli. Good morning, and thank you everyone for joining today's call. I'll begin by summarizing Moody's second quarter 2019 financial results and providing an update on the execution of our strategy. Mark Kaye will then follow with further details on our second quarter results and comments on our revised outlook for 2019. After our prepared remarks, we'll be happy to respond to your questions.

I'd like to start by providing select highlights for the quarter. First, Moody's second quarter performance reflected continued double-digit growth in Moody's Analytics with strong contributions from all lines of business. Recurring revenue in MA represented 84% of total MA revenue for the trailing 12 months ended June 30, 2019. Second, excluding the impact of foreign currency translation, Moody's Investor Service revenue in the second quarter was in line with the record prior year period and the issuance environment is constructed as we move into the back half of the year.

Next, the charges related to our restructuring program are largely complete and we are increasing our anticipated annual run rate savings by more than $10 million to approximately $60 million. And finally, since our last earnings call, we've continued to execute on our long-term strategy in a disciplined manner through targeted acquisitions of businesses that extend our assessment and analytical solution capabilities as well as the planned divestiture of Moody's Analytics Knowledge Services, or MAKS. In addition, I'm pleased that Moody's has further strengthened its leadership in ESG engagement and disclosure.

Moving on to second quarter 2019 results. Double-digit MA revenue growth and MIS's resilience despite subdued issuance activity resulted in a 3% revenue increase for Moody's Corporation. Moody's adjusted operating income of $599 million was up 2% from the prior year period. Adjusted diluted EPS grew by 1% aided by a 2% reduction in diluted share count from the prior year period as a result of our share repurchase programs.

In the second quarter, issuance activity was mixed. Falling benchmark rates, tighter spreads, and economic fundamentals supported strong issuance conditions. However, declining global growth forecasts, continued geopolitical uncertainty and lower M&A and investment activity kept some issuers on the sidelines. The resurgence in corporate fixed rate issuance helped partially offset weakness in floating rate bank loans. Overall, however, global issuance activity fell for the fourth consecutive quarter. The banks have indicated that U.S. investment grade and leveraged finance issuance pipelines are moderate, but CLO activity remains weak. Nonetheless, the relatively easier year-over-year comparable gives us confidence that MIS will deliver growth in the back half of the year.

Since the first quarter earnings call, we have announced several transactions that enable us to further align our portfolio of offerings with our strategic priorities. Moody's delivered trusted insights and standards that allow market participants to make informed decisions contributing to market transparency and fairness. Our resolve to bring clarity and efficiency to markets has led us to execute these transactions as we increased our focus on providing risk assessments and analytical solutions.

Before I turn the call over to Mark, I'll take a minute to review our recent strategic transactions with you. First, with our majority acquisition of Four Twenty Seven, a provider of data and analytics on physical climate risks, we will significantly bolster our capabilities to integrate environmental and climate risk factors into economic modeling and credit ratings. Second, our acquisition of RiskFirst extends Moody's reach into the buy side with market leading solutions for portfolio management and risk analytics delivered on a Software-as-a-Service or SaaS platform.

Third, our newly established joint venture with Team8 combines Moody's experience in developing methodologies and global standards with teammates, expertise in cybersecurity technology. And finally, our planned divestiture of MAKS reflects MA's increasing strategic focus on providing scalable data, financial intelligence, and analytical tools rather than bespoke service oriented engagements. These transactions are included in our updated full year 2019 guidance. We expect they will have a diluted impact of approximately $0.05 to adjusted diluted EPS.

I will now turn the call over to Mark Kaye to provide further details on our second quarter performance and review our updated outlook for 2019.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Ray. For MIS, second quarter issuance activity was down 14% from the prior year period. However, MIS revenue is down in 2%, demonstrating the continued resilience of the business model.

As Ray mentioned earlier, issuance was key toward fixed rates activity given low benchmark interest rates. And additionally, the mix of jumbo M&A related issuance and infrequent issue coming to market was favorable.

MIS's recurring revenue base supported by pricing initiative as well as monitored credit growth also contributed to substantially offset this decline in issuance. For the second quarter, the slight revenue contraction alongside relatively flat expense growth lead to a decline in MIS's adjusted operating margin, which was 60.2%. For MA, each business contributed to the achievement of an aggregate 12% revenue growth rate, concurrently enabling 350 basis points of improvement in adjusted operating margin. This is the second consecutive quarter of year-over-year adjusted operating margin improvement of 350 basis points.

Organic MA revenue was up 10% from the prior year period. RD&A revenue grew 14% due to strong sales credit research and rating data feeds by sales growth at Bureau van Dijk and contribution from the Reis acquisition. On an organic basis, RD&A delivered double-digit revenue growth of 11%.

ERS strong demand for subscription products, particularly from insurance companies drove a 7% revenue increase. We also benefited from the ongoing transition to SaaS-based operating model. Trailing 12-months ER revenue was up 1%. The sales were up 8%, which provides a positive signal for future revenue growth. Professional services revenue growth of 13% was driven by strong global demand for training solutions. Organic professional services revenue was up 10%.

I'll now discuss Moody's updated full-year 2019 guidance. Moody's outlook for 2019 is based on assumptions about many geopolitical conditions and macro economic and capital market factors including, but not limited to, interest in foreign currency change rates, corporate profitability and business investment spending, mergers and acquisitions and the level of debt capital markets activity. These assumptions are subject to uncertainty, and results for the year could differ materially from our current outlook.

Our guidance assumes foreign currency translation at end-of-quarter exchange rates. Specifically, our forecast for the remainder of 2019 reflects exchange rates for the British pound of $1.27 and for the euro of $1.14. We continue to forecast that revenue will increase in the mid single-digit percent range, while anticipating total operating expenses to increasingly high single-digit percent range.

Operating expense guidance includes depreciation and amortization, restructuring charges and impairment charge related to the planned divestiture of MAKS and acquisition related expenses. Excluding the incremental restructuring in MAKS impairment charges, total operating expense guidance would have still been an increase in the mid single-digit percent range.

Of note, we are not expecting a material ramp in expenses from the first to the fourth quarter of 2019 as we start to realize savings from the restructuring program. The full year of 2019 operating margin forecast is approximately 42% with the adjusted operating margin anticipated to remain at approximately 48%. We now expect net interest expense to be approximately $195 million.

The full year effective tax rate is anticipated to be in the range of 21% to 22%, not withstanding the low effective rate in the first half of the year. Diluted EPS and adjusted diluted EPS, our forecast to be $7.15 to $7.35 and $7.95 to $8.15 respectively. Share repurchases anticipated to be in the range of $1 billion to $1.3 billion.

For a full list of our guidance, please refer to table 13 about earnings release. For MIS, we expect total full-year revenue to increase in the low single-digit percent range, with growth weighted toward the second half of the year as the year-over-year comparable becomes easier.

We are anticipating U.S. revenue to increase in the mid single-digit percent range with stronger contributions from fixed rate corporate bonds. Non-U.S. revenues forecast remain approximately flat. Our issuance estimate remains flat to down 5% in comparison to 2018 with continued support from dead funded M&A that was lower contributions from floating rate bank loans and CLOs.

We are on track to achieve approximately 900 first-time mandates in 2019. The MIS adjusted operating margin remains at approximately 58% in 2019. For MA, we anticipate total revenue to increase in the low double-digit percent range. As we recognize strong sales growth across all business lines, as well as the benefit from the stability of recurring revenue derived from the core RD&A business and the ongoing ERS transition through SaaS-based model.

The MA adjusted operating margin is forecast to expand 150 to 250 basis points to the 28% to 29% range in 2019, reflecting the aggregate impact of the announced transactions. The charges related to our restructuring program are essentially complete. The total restructuring charge of $108 million that we took in the fourth quarter of 2018 and the first half of 2019 exceeded our previously announced range $70 million to $80 million.

We are currently revising anticipated annualized pre-tax savings to approximately $60 million, a $15 million increase from the midpoint to the previously announced range of $40 million to $50 million. This will enable us to realize approximately $30 million of savings as you move through the second half of 2019 allowing us to reinvest in our business and provide annual margin stability. Going forward, these savings will create financial flexibility and the various capital market conditions and provide additional options to reinvest in our business and or bolster margin.

Before turning the call back over to Ray, I would like to note a few key takeaways. We remain confident in Moody's ability to both deliver revenue growth and sustain margins in 2019. Moody's will continue to execute on his strategic vision to provide trusted insights and standards while delivering transparency to adjacent markets and emerging risk areas.

Finally, we have confidence in our disciplines and thoughtful approach to capital management and the return of free cash flow to all shareholders.

I will now turn the call back over to Ray, for his final remarks.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Mark. Before turning to the question-and-answer session, I'd like to review a few of our recent activities demonstrating our commitment to a sustainable future. Each year, Moody's has further honed its CSR program to strategically focus on societal issues that we are in a unique position to help address and those that our employees are most passionate about.

Additionally, Moody's work on ESG, specifically climate-related risks and opportunities, is directed toward promoting global measurement standards for use by market participants. Moody's continues to support disclosing and adhering to the standards set by the task force on climate-related financial disclosures, or TCFD. Moody's released its most recent TCFD report earlier this month, which is linked to this presentation and otherwise available on moodys.com/CSR.

We are also working toward incorporating disclosure metrics set out by the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board, or SASB. We continue to engage with a multitude of other partners that develop CSR and ESG standards and frameworks or evaluate and assess performance. Please see the press release we published yesterday highlighting our ongoing ESG initiatives available at ir.moodys.com for more details.

This concludes our prepared remarks. And joining Mark Kaye and me for the question-and-answer session are Mark Almeida, President of Moody's Analytics; and Rob Fauber, President of Moody's Investor Service. We'll be pleased to take your questions.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

Thank you. [Operator Instructions] And we will go first to Manav Patnaik of Barclays.

Manav Patnaik -- Barclays -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning. Ray, just on that last point around, your ESG initiatives, it sounds like there's a PR around ESG with a lot of companies have picked up, you guys have made a few tuck-in acquisitions as well. Can you just help us size maybe what it is today and how much can be where the opportunities are? That would be helpful.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. Manav. In terms of the opportunity in the ESG sector for commercial purposes, we are looking at -- we might characterize as non-geographic emerging markets. And so, the degree and pace at which these markets will monetize is more speculative than you might see in more established markets that are using various kinds of risk assessments and risk standards. So we would acknowledge that.

However, we are confident that there is strong demand for the creation of good measurement tools and standards in these areas. And so we are committed to providing that. This is true for certainly for climate, in cybersecurity as another example. So we feel that this is going to be a good opportunity even though these are our market sectors that are not yet heavily monetized.

I would also add that really regardless of what the direct financial opportunity ends up being in these areas and how quickly it gets realized, that this is going to contribute to what we're doing in both Moody's Analytics and Moody's Investor Service as far as providing risk assessments eating into our economic models and tools and our credit ratings. And so, it will enhance the relevance of the products that we are already providing and the relevance of our credit ratings in particular. So that's how we're thinking about this.

Manav Patnaik -- Barclays -- Analyst

Okay, got it. And then just as a quick follow-up, I mean, can you just help me size what your India ratings exposure is? I guess, you had your CEO stepped down out there and it's all over the news out here in India. So I just wanted to see like how big or what's the risk might be there?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. When you say our Indian opportunity or exposure, are you referring to the cross border or what we're doing in the domestic market?

Manav Patnaik -- Barclays -- Analyst

Well, it's more of the domestic market around the fact that there is, I guess, a couple of the rating agency CEOs had to step down there, including your guidance, so I was just trying to understand what the risk around the issues there are today?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, sure. With respect to our affiliate in India, ICRA, they've reported a couple of things. One that they are addressing a matter relating to credit ratings that were assigned to one of its customers, and this is the subject of a proceeding that's been initiated by the securities commission called SEBI in India.

And secondly, they've reported that they were investigating, an anonymous allegation that was forwarded to ICRA by SEBI and they've gotten outside experts to look into that anonymous allegation. We don't anticipate that an unfavorable outcome would be material to Moody's in anyway. And we'll just continue to watch and let the ICRA management team and the ICRA board handle the proceeding and the investigation that they're dealing with.

Manav Patnaik -- Barclays -- Analyst

Thank you.

Operator

We will now go to Toni Kaplan of Morgan Stanley.

Toni Kaplan -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Thank you. Could you help us understand how you were able to outpace issuance growth in MIS as well as you did, just looking at your transactional business down four and the global issuance environment of down 14. I usually think of price and mix has maybe two drivers that can explain some of the delta, but I just wanted to understand if there's a piece that I'm not thinking of?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. Rob?

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Toni, its Rob. So first of all, this is actually a nice question to be answering this quarter. So thanks for asking. You're right. Those are the two primary drivers and it really did this quarter. I've got a mix of who was issuing and when we look at prior quarters. So can I comparing back to the first quarter, the issuance mix in Q2 was, was more favorable because it was driven by a larger proportion of M&A driven financing and infrequent issuer supplies.

So this comes to frequent versus infrequent issuers and what kind of commercial construct we have around them. Meanwhile, the frequent issuers who tend to be on these relationship based pricing constructs contributed to the issuance decline two or greater degree in the second quarter. So again, it was mixed and I also think we had, I mean you touched on price. I think we had some very nice commercial execution the quarter as well.

Toni Kaplan -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Got it. And the price maybe could continue the other on less clarity. Would you expect that that mix between the frequent and infrequent to continue as it did?

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

It certainly may. I mean, the infrequent issuer, sometimes this gets to two things, the M&A environment and opportunistic financing. And so when we see a decline in benchmark rates and a tightening of spread spreads, that tends to drop, draw the infrequent issuers out to tap the market.

Toni Kaplan -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Extremely helpful. Thank you. And then for my second question, MA margin was very, very strong this quarter again, similar to last quarter. Can you help quantify how much was from BvD synergies versus the shift to the SaaS model and ERS or just general efficiency or if there's any other pieces I'm missing that'd be great. Thanks.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Mark?

Sure. Well, we had 350 basis points of margin expansion in the quarter as Mark said, and you could deconstruct that into a couple of categories. About 150 basis points of the expansion came from the core business. About half of that came from the work we've been doing in Enterprise Risk Solutions to increase the profitability of that business.

We got about a 100 basis points from the removal of the deferred revenue haircut in the Bureau van Dijk business that we had in the second quarter last year. And then another a 100 basis points from the Bureau van Dijk business in the aggregate. So, I can't really give you any further detail to tell you how much is attributable to Bureau van Dijk synergies per se, but those are the three principle categories of that margin expansion.

Toni Kaplan -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

That's really helpful. Thank you.

Operator

Our next question will come from Michael Cho of JPMorgan.

Michael Cho -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Hi, good morning. Just my first question is around the change in the MIS U.S. guidance. I was just hoping you could give a little bit more color behind the increase in the MIS U.S. revenue guide. I guess behind some of the commentary you just gave.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, sure. Rob?

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Yeah. So, obviously, as Mark touched on, we've got the same overall issuance outlook and the components to get to our overall MIS low single-digit guide. As you said, we've increased our U.S. guidance, and that's really around the our outlook for corporate bond issuance and the revenue expectations, given the receptive environment that we're seeing. Some small upward revisions in our outlook for us project in infrastructure finance activity. And that's been partially offset by the downward revisions that we've got in U.S. bank loans and CLOs. So I don't want to overstate the magnitude of these forecast revisions. It was enough to push the U.S. into mid-single-digits, but obviously not enough to impact the broader MIS revenue guide.

Michael Cho -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Okay, great. Thanks. And just my follow-up is around the restructuring program. I think, Mark, you mentioned that expect to see about $30 million or so benefits this year and $60 million overall run rate synergies. I guess, one, when should we expect to this see the full benefit of the $6 million? And two, how much of that are you playing to reinvest?

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thanks for the question. Certainly the increase in these total restructuring charges of $108 million was really due to the acceleration and expansion of our staffing and real estate optimization and some of the acquisition integration. And that as you correctly note, that lead to an increase in our annualized pre-tax savings amount of approximately $60 million. Part of that benefit that $30 million that you'll see in '19 is really coming through in how we think about the expense ramp for the year.

So, specifically, we're now only expecting an expense ramp up between zero and $10 million from Q1 to Q4 vis-a-vis a much larger amount that you would have seen in 2018. And depending on the opportunities as we evaluate both internal investment opportunities versus margin expansion. And that will very much depend on the particular environment as it develops in 2020.

Michael Cho -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Okay, great. Thank you.

Operator

We will now take a question from Alex Kramm of UBS.

Alexander Kramm -- UBS -- Analyst

Hey. Good morning, everyone. I wanted to just talk about the divestiture or the MAKS divestiture. I'm a little unclear actually what's included in your updated guidance on the one hand, on the slide, you say it's a $0.05 impact from all these transactions, but I don't really think you adjust as kind of like the revenue margin outlook.

I know that deal is supposed to close later this year, but just maybe clarify what's included, what's still will come out when this closes. And then I guess bigger picture on this whole question. As we think about 2020, this business completely out. How does this change kind of like the revenue and the margin profile of that MA business? Thank you.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Alex, good morning. This is Mark here. I'll start with your first question and I'll answer it specific to you adjusted a diluted EPS guidance update. The increase was primarily due to the lower interest expense. We certainly did factor in the MIS U.S. revenue guidance improvements, but also note that we didn't narrow our range, given the higher confidence that we have from a first half operating performance. In particular, as related to a MAKS itself and while MAKS is not material to Moody's, we did forecast -- we had forecast 2019 financial sin the absence of a transaction to be around $110 million in revenue and around 20% stand-alone EBITDA margin associated with that.

Alexander Kramm -- UBS -- Analyst

Okay, great. Now that's helpful. Thank you for that. And then, maybe just secondly, just quickly on the MIS business, just obviously you updated your outlook here a little bit, but curious to what degree this contemplates kind of the potential or likely rate cuts that we're going to be seeing today and maybe later this year, how that may still shift kind of the expectations or what you expect to happen in the marketplace. So, is this kind of steady eddy guidance or outlook or do you think the marketplace could still change materially given what the Fed is likely to do here?

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Alex, given your question, maybe what we'll do here is I'll talk a little bit about puts and takes sort of for issuance activities that we're hearing from -- externally from some of the banks, and I'll turn it over to Rob to follow-up specifically with our internal viewpoint. In the U.S., the banks are saying that investment grade issuance is down slightly year-to-date due to some deleveraging activity still active, but lower year-over-year M&A and it's like multinationals shifting issuance to Europe to take advantage of lower rates there.

Now high yield bond issuance from what we're hearing has been up moderately year-to-date, supported by refinancing activity. And then conversely, leverage loans issuance has been down over 30% with acquisition financing driving for the majority of that activity. The banks have relayed that anticipation of a Fed rate cuts is now driving yields lower and tightening spreads, which does set up conditions supportive of the strong issuance environment for investment grade and high yield bonds in the second half of the year.

And we did hear that expectations persist for lower U.S. benchmark rates as through the medium turn due to ongoing growth concerns. And then of course those concerns are also being reflected in the market with the bifurcation and the demand for high yield credits sort of that preference toward the higher quality names. We turn to Europe, feedback from the banks is that the investment grade market, you've seen some of the rate dynamics to the U.S., but more accentuated. The 10-year bond yield obviously continues to fall further below 0%. And as a result, investment grade relative dynamics continue to encourage reverse Yankee issuance, which by some measures comprises about a third of the total issuance in Europe year-to-date.

And the last thing sort of what we hearing from the banks, it's specifically related to high yield issuance in the second quarter in Europe, and that's primarily driven by refinancing activities. And then similarly as in the U.S., there's significant preference for higher-end spec-grade rated names. And I'll turn it over to Rob to update you sort of on MIS's 2019 issuance expectations.

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Yes. I'll touch on that in a second. Let me just follow-up with kind of how we're thinking about issuance for the remainder of the year. Mark in his remarks mentioned our issuance forecast is essentially unchanged at a flat to down 5%. And we have shifted our expectations as we've touched on to more fixed rate bond issuance and less floating rate issuance, and that includes loans and CLOs.

We've upped the investment grade outlook modestly given all the opportunistic refi and jumbo M&A activity we've seen. But the biggest changes are really around corporate high yield bond issuance outlook for us from the first quarter, given all the activity in the pipeline that we're seeing. We're expecting to see some significant growth now in high yield issuance for the full-year. And then conversely, we've trimmed our outlook for bank loan issuance on really less opportunistic refi, and the fact that new issue loans spreads and yields are higher than a year ago. So we expect to see there some significant declines in issuance.

Maybe just in terms of upside and downside, I would say, the supply we're seeing is benefiting from what I would call very issuer-friendly market conditions, probably the most constructive conditions we've seen in quite some time. As I mentioned earlier, that could lead to some elements of opportunistic supply more than we've anticipated. M&A is really going to be a key factor here. Our expectation is for ongoing levels of activities that continue. And as I've mentioned, we've seen some jumbo financing activity to get M&A deals done.

On the downside, I guess a few things. I mean, potential surprises in how the central banks respond to the threat of lower economic forecasts. There are obviously expectations that the market has dialed in, and then things like disorderly Brexit and Chinese, U.S. trade discussion. So those would be some of the things we're looking at that could be a wildcard to our outlook for the year.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Just to close this off -- it's Ray. I think what you're hearing from us is that, we're in a bit of a Goldilocks scenario right now where growth is slowing, but there is still growth, that slowing growth is encouraging central bank action which has beneficial to rates and spreads remain tight. If we tip either way away from that scenario, we would have more challenges in the second half or right now that's what we're seeing.

Alexander Kramm -- UBS -- Analyst

Excellent color. Thank you.

Operator

We will now go to Craig Huber of Huber Research Partners.

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Yes. Thank you. A couple of questions. Maybe if we could start with China, if we could, Ray. Just want to get an update where you're out there in terms of maybe trying to start up an operation there similar to what S&P has done. It's my sense. Correct me if I'm wrong, but is your 30% equity stake over there in CCXI sort of gumming up this whole process from your perspective?

I guess what should be able to top that off and actually buy in more of that operation so you could actually consolidate? I'm just curious where you're at right now? Just given that your main competition, at least globally, got their licenses you know, back in January? I have a follow-up. Thank you.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. We've talked about this a little bit before. And we have a 30% stake as you know in the largest rating agency, domestic rating agency in China. It's also quite profitable. So we're very satisfied with our position in CCXI. Certainly, if we like CCXI and we do, we would be interested in participating further in that business. That is going to be determined in part by probably, policy decisions that are made in China and potentially in discussions between China and the United States.

So at this point, we are very satisfied with the position we are in. And it if circumstances change, we would be prepared to pivot, whether it's selling down our position or increasing our position or requesting a separate license, other than the licenses currently held by CCXI. So we're just going to have to be patience and see how that plays out. But in the meantime, we are a 30% holder in a very successful business.

Just to give you a little bit more color on sort of the size of the opportunity because I think there's been a fair amount of confusion around this and so let me give you, just a few numbers. First of all, we've talked before about China being the third largest, onshore bond market. And it's closing very quickly on becoming the second largest.

We rate both in the cross-border market, large Chinese companies going to the U.S. or Euro bond markets. And we have the CCXI in the domestic market. So the ratings that we have in the cross-border market are about 37% of the revenue share, so high-30%s revenue share. We have about 70% coverage. But it's a multiple rating markets. So that turns into about a high 30s revenue share. And that's approximately a $260 million cross-border markets. So that gives you a sense of what the cross-border revenue opportunity is.

And then, coincidentally, CCXI has a high-30%s, a revenue share of the domestic Chinese market, which coincidentally is also about $260 million. So we've got high 30% revenue share in both cross-border and domestic and both markets are about $260 million in total ratings revenue. So that gives us about $150 million currently in China related revenue, excluding the income contribution that comes from CCXI, which would be, you can do the math, would be about another $15 million.

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Thank you for that, Ray. And then if I can also ask you, touched on this a little bit, but could you just talk a little bit further about the market conditions for debt issuance for the back half of this year? I mean, when you think about that economy spreads and the M&A environment and the pull forward potential here, the base rate, the absolute rates, how low they are? Just sort of sense out there and maybe about Europe as well? Thank you.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, sure, not a whole lot to add to what we were talking about before. In terms of our expectations for the second half of the year. But as we look at whether the second half of the year may include more significant pull forward, I think we probably will be seeing pull forward that is again more of a phenomenon at least it has been more of a phenomenon in the U.S. than it has been internationally. So it's really U.S. spec-grade and we do have optimistic expectations for the U.S. spec-grade market year-on-year for the second half.

Europe, I don't know that we will be seeing a pull forward historically that has not characterized the European market as much. And so, whether the quantitative easing that is expected in Europe encourages more pull forward is a question we will have to just watch and see the answer to, and see how significant that is. A reminder that the spec-grade market in Europe is not of the same size as the U.S. market. So it would be less material even if there is pull forward.

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Ray, maybe I'd just add a little bit of color too, as we're now into the second half of the year, Craig. So second quarter seasonally strong. Our typical consultative pattern supported by these favorable market conditions that we've talked about. The pipeline has, and I'm thinking kind hear from corporate perspective, but the pipeline has continued to replenish. I'd say it's pretty solid.

July is usually a bit softer. We've got earnings blackouts, but we're expecting some good issuance added a seasonal slowdowns that we'll see later in August. In U.S. investment grade you've got the corporate bond index that it's tight as level and something like two years in funds flows, flows have been positive every month of the year. And in U.S. high yield, the spreads have recovered substantially all the widening that they had experienced in Q4 and high yield bond fund flows have been positive every month this year except May.

I'm also contributing to the demand there. And that's in contrast to the level of outflows that we had seen in high yield bond funds, something like five and over the last six years. So positive funds flows on the flip side, the leverage loans pipeline looks pretty modest and despite the fact we've seen now, I believe it's 34 consecutive weeks of fund outflows, the tone in the leverage loan market, the secondary market is pretty firm.

We've got some jumbo M&A that's been announced that still has to get funded in the markets in the second half of the year. And as Ray said, in Europe, the investment grade market continues to be pretty active. We've got very low benchmark rates. They're strong investor demand. The leverage finance activity has improved in Europe from the first quarter. It was very soft in the first quarter. We've seen some good activity in July. Again, the same theme of sustained investor demand for the supply and good market conditions. So what we're saying.

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Thank you. Can I just ask a quick housekeeping question if I could? The BvD, I always get asked by investors, how did BvD do? Was it excluding currency was up high single-digits, the revenue there? Thank you.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. Well, we don't typically disclose the Bureau van Dijk results on a stand-alone basis as you know. But I can say that the business there is performing very, very well. We're very happy with it. It is both from a revenue standpoint and a sales standpoint. It's been growing in the low-to-mid teens on a organic constant dollar basis. So we feel very good about what's happening in Bureau van Dijk.

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Great. Thank you, guys.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Then without getting more into the detail, just to reinforce Mark's point, you can look at the RD&A growth rate and see that it's getting good contribution from Bureau van Dijk.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. But to be fair, it's not just a Bureau van Dijk story in RD&A. RD&A is strong pretty much across the board.

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Thank you.

Operator

And now we'll take a question from Joseph Foresi of Cantor Fitzgerald.

Joseph Foresi -- Cantor Fitzgerald -- Analyst

Hi. I wanted to go back to China for a second. I guess my question there is, I understand the opportunity, but how do you protect yourself against fraud in China? And do you think that there's a higher risk around the ratings in that geography versus the rest of the world?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Joe, in terms of thinking about fraud risk, I mean certainly it's well understood that there is less transparency in some of the financial information available on Chinese companies than you might see for U.S. public companies, for example. The ratings in the cross border market though are on the very largest entities in China, which are internationally active and they do have a higher quality and more consistent financial reporting. So that's less of a concern.

In the domestic market, it is a challenge, and the way to address it through ratings in particular is looking at how much -- how complete the financial information is, how intuitive it is. Do the numbers make sense across the financial statements? And if there is a lack of comfort with the amount or clarity of the information, the choices are simply not to participate in the rating or to make conservative assumptions about where the credit worthiness of the entity should be placed in terms of a rating score.

I think there is going to be continued interest in building transparency. There's going to be continued interest in assessing financial statement quality, and in assessing financial statement quality that in itself provides opportunities for firms like Moody's or Moody's Analytics.

Joseph Foresi -- Cantor Fitzgerald -- Analyst

Got it. Okay. And then I guess maybe I'll just stick with China. I was going to ask a different one, but we only get two here. So when Moody's goes in and rates a Chinese company, do they benefit typically the same way that a U.S. entity would benefit? In other words, do they get more favorable potential interest rate associated with that? And I'm just wondering how you -- early stage you can gauge sort of Moody's reputation internationally because I'm trying to just kind of measure what kind of possible demand could come out of that region. Thanks.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, certainly in the cross border market, the dynamics are similar to what we would see among U.S. issuers or Western European issuers. In the domestic market, at this point in time, that benefit is less clear because there are more constraints on the buy side and on the issuers of debt. And so, that is a marke that is still more adolescent in terms of its channeling of capital according to the best risk reward dynamics. And that's where, I think, again, we see opportunity because improving the quality of risk assessments for these entities should over time allow capital to be channeled more efficiently, which is really at the end of the day one of the policy goals for Chinese officials.

Joseph Foresi -- Cantor Fitzgerald -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you.

Operator

And our next question will be coming from George Tong of Goldman Sachs.

George Tong -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Hi, thanks. I want to go back to the MIS segment. You've slightly increased your MIS revenue guidance for the full-year, but you're holding your overall global issuance forecast unchanged at flat to down 5%. The flat to down 5% is a relatively wide range. So, at the increment, would you say your view of the global issuance environment is stronger because of fixed rate issuance? So, would you say it's really just mix at Moody's that's changing your view on MIS?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, it's two things. We are anticipating that the favorable mix that we've seen in the first half will probably continue in the second half. And also, I would say, we're modestly more positive on issuance, but certainly not to the point where we would move outside of that 0% to down 5% range.

George Tong -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Got it. That's helpful. In the MA segment, your operating margins expanded a strong 350 bps year-over-year in the quarter. You've lowered your MA operating margin guidance by a point for the full year. Can you talk about what's changing in the business to cause a diminished view on margins in the segment?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. The change is primarily driven by M&A activity that we've announced, which obviously includes M&A related transaction costs, both the MAKS divestiture and RiskFirst acquisition. The MA adjusted margin guidance would have been unchanged, where it not for RiskFirst and MAKS.

George Tong -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Got it. That's helpful. Thank you.

Operator

And now we will go to Jeff Silber of BMO Capital Markets.

Henry Chen -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Hey, guys. Good morning. It's Henry Chen calling for Jeff. Just I wanted to talk about some of the acquisitions that you've been making. At a high level, could you kind of just talk through, I guess, maybe strategically what areas you're looking at and how to sort of tie that all together in sort of cinematically in terms of how you're looking at future acquisitions? Thanks.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. I'll turn this over to Mark and Rob to comment in each of their units. But as we said in the prepared remarks, we're starting from the strategic perspective that we want to provide expanded risk assessments and extend our analytics solutions -- data and analytics solutions offerings. The data analytics solutions are really coming out of the MA and where the Moody's Analytics unit is looking at acquisition opportunities. And the non-credit risk assessments, or risk assessments, that can contribute to our credit analysis, but also may provide independent measures are coming from Moody's Investors Service for the most part.

Mark, I don't know if you want to say anything on RiskFirst.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. I would just note that the RiskFirst acquisition, we view that as kind of a classic Moody's Analytics business. It's a highly specialized set of analytical capabilities that are targeted at important problems that are shared by many customers. In this case, in the Investment Management segment, those capabilities are built around a unique highly specialized data sets. Again, in this case, that data relates to a pension plan, assets, the historical returns of the liability structures, etc.

The solutions that RiskFirst offers benefit from network effects as they serve the buy side ecosystem, including the investment managers themselves. The ultimate asset owners that is the pension plan sponsors, insurers, foundations and endowments as well as the investment consultants. And those network effects are stimulated by the fact that this product is sold on a SaaS platform, which is very readily implemented, customers can have it up and running very quickly after making a purchase decision. So the ease of use speeds the adoption of the platform. And so that -- again that enhances the network effects we get from this thing.

And there are some very important synergies in the RiskFirst product with the work that we've been doing in the insurance space. You'll recall about three years ago, we acquired GGY, which substantially ramped up our analytical relevance to the management of insurers liabilities. RiskFirst now gives us some very important capabilities on the asset side of the insurance companies. So you can start to see that we're building out a very substantial position to be able to solve a very wide range of problems for insurance companies.

Henry Chen -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Got it.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Rob, you want to comment on Four Twenty Seven?

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Yeah. So, dovetailing with what Ray said, I mean, we're investing in areas where the market is looking for analytics and insights to be able to assess risks that are increasingly relevant to both the credit markets and even more broadly capital markets and financial institutions, and Four Twenty Seven is a great example. So, you've got investors, banks, insurance companies, issuers, all increasingly focusing on the physical risks associated with climate. And that's things like sea level rise or water scarcity, wildfires so on. And Four Twenty Seven bring us some very robust climate analytics, modeling data and very importantly expertise. That's going to allow us to be able to leverage this content across Moody's. And that's both the rating agency as well as MA.

And we've acquired some unique content sets and capabilities, and we think that's really going to differentiate us and our ability to integrate climate analytics into our offerings. And again, that's all part of this broader focus that we've got on an investment in the ESG space. And I would also say that that deal, while small has gotten some -- has some very good industrial logic and we've gotten some very good press and market feedback from around the world on our move into that space.

Henry Chen -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Okay, very cool. That's super helpful. Thanks. Thanks for the color.

Operator

And now, we will go to Timothy McHugh of William Blair.

Timothy McHugh -- William Blair & Company, L.L.C. -- Analyst

Thanks. I guess, two questions. One, just numbers one. Can you give us the incentive comp for the quarter? And then, secondly, as a follow-up on ESG. I guess, how quickly are you going to integrate those things to a Moody's branded type offering if that's the ultimate plan. I guess, are there any other pieces to the kind of the ESG strategy that you feel are missing after some of your recent acquisitions?

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Tim, I'll answer the numbers question. The incentive compensation for the second quarter of 2019 was $51 million, that's consistent with approximately $50 million per quarter for the expectation for 2019.

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Yeah. So this is Rob. I think there's some scarcity value to some of the assets and the ESG and climate space. So, we've obviously acquired majority stakes in Vigeo Eiris, which is really data and scores for investors in ESG. And then they also have a very nice green bond assessment platform for issuers. Four Twenty Seven, I just talked about focused on climate data and analytics were investors, financial institutions. So we think we've gotten some very good assets. We're also producing ESG content within the rating agency. Increasingly, kind of thinking about and being more explicit about how we factor ESG considerations into the ratings.

And I think what you'll see is over time, all of this will be part of a branded broader Moody's Suite of ESG offerings. And they will be then the ESG content; I think you will see packaged to meet a wide range of customer needs across Moody's Corporation. As I said, both the needs of the rating agency, the needs of Vigeo Eiris, and Four Twenty Seven customers and the needs of MAs a very broad customer base.

Timothy McHugh -- William Blair & Company, L.L.C. -- Analyst

Thanks.

Operator

And now we'll go to Dan Dolev of Nomura Instinet.

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

Hey, guys. Thanks for using my question. Appreciate it. So just I understand on Moody's Analytics, the RiskFirst, we estimate as about a 100 basis points in growth in the second half. And why didn't you raise the revenue guidance here or I just want to make sure there's kind of no implied slow down on this one? Thank you.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Dan, it's Mark. I think you're probably overstating RiskFirst a bit the scale of it. And maybe it's because you're not taking into consideration that we'll have the accounting treatment on the deferred revenue haircut. That may be why you're...

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

Got it. I mean, looking at 16.5 million pounds. Right? Which was disclosed, but have you disclosed the contribution? I don't think you have.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

We have not -- we have not disclosed that. The other thing you need to keep in mind is, we're assuming that by the time we get to the fourth quarter, we will not have any revenue from the MAKS business. So that's going the other way.

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

Got it. So there is no implied slow down, it's just the M&A.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Absolutely correct. Absolutely right.

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

Got it.

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

The underlying business is performing extremely well.

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

I agree. And just a follow-up question. I mean, you talked about the issuance and you sound very upbeat about the issuance. In our space, in our business services space, there's a lot of talk right now about being late cycle, etc. I mean, can we get maybe a macro comment from you guys notwithstanding the issuance kind of where you think we are because there seems to be a lot of confusion? Thanks.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, with respect to issuance, just to be clear, it's not that we are expecting a lot of growth compared to the first half of this year, but we had a relatively easy comparable from the second half and particularly the fourth quarter of 2018. So that's really informing our commentary. As far as the broader late cycle question, yes, I think it's obvious to everybody that we have been in a long growth cycle, and that that growth has been slowing globally on a somewhat steady basis with a number of IMF reforecast down for global growth and slow down in Europe with renewed discussion about quantitative easing, expected interest rate cuts here in the U.S., not to mention the trade discussions. So yes, you can look at late cycle, you can look at slowing growth.

On the other hand, there are policy tools that are going to be deployed to deal with this slowing growth and a number of things are up in the air right now that could be resolved favorably, trade discussions and Brexit being too, which could act as catalysts to renewed growth. So, I think appropriate to be a bit cautious and a bit wary of where we are in this cycle, but things can still break in a positive way.

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

Got it. Thanks a lot. Great quarter.

Operator

We now will take a question from Bill Warmington of Wells Fargo Securities.

William Warmington -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Good afternoon, everyone. So I wanted to ask about the cybersecurity strategy. You've got a strategic investment with Team8. You announced an expanded JV with the company. And I wanted to ask if you were -- if the ultimate thought was to develop a stand-alone cybersecurity rating and if so, what the opportunity was there for Moody's?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I think we are very open minded about what is going to be the best offering in the cybersecurity space, whether it's rating, some other kind of score, probably, research and analytics associated with some standardized measurements. And we also see this as an area where both providing assessments or scores based on publicly available information may be helpful to market participants.

And providing private assessments, whether it's for a risk committees or boards of directors, etc, vendor risk management may play a role here. There are a number of directions we believe this can go. And what we're really focused on with Team8 is developing the methodology and then the analytical engine that goes with that methodology to bring some real science to this area.

William Warmington -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

And then, for my follow-up question on the MAKS divestiture. Any other pruning that you're thinking about doing in the portfolio?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

No, I think we're pretty comfortable with the portfolio.

William Warmington -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Excellent. Well, thank you very much.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Operator

We will now go to Shlomo Rosenbaum of Stifel.

Shlomo Rosenbaum -- Stifel -- Analyst

Hi. Thank you very much for squeezing me in as well. Would you be able to disclose what the growth rates were of some of the businesses that you bought like, the Twenty Four Seven the RiskFirst. And then just kind of on an annualized basis. And then you put up the RiskFirst and Pounds in '18, but is there some kind of, if you want to put the three that you're talking about, I guess, with the JV together, is there an annualized revenue assumption that we should make over there among those three?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I think it's fair to say that this would not be material for purposes of your modeling and assessing what our outlook is. These are young companies, acquisition of capabilities and expertise as much as the immediate financial return from these companies.

Shlomo Rosenbaum -- Stifel -- Analyst

Okay. And how fast is MAKS growing or was it really growing at all?

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, MAKS was growing. And as we said, it had about -- we had forecast about $110 million in revenue at a 20% EBITDA margin. If we had not done this transaction, that would've been the profile for the year. It ha been growing, but it was growing slower than the MA business overall.

Shlomo Rosenbaum -- Stifel -- Analyst

Okay, thank you.

Operator

And this does conclude today's question-and-answer session. I would like to turn things back over to Ray McDaniel.

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay. Thank you all for joining today's call and we look forward to speaking with you again in the call. Thanks.

Operator

This concludes Moody's second quarter 2019 earnings call. As a reminder, immediately following this call, the company will post the MIS revenue breakdown under the Second Quarter 2019 Earnings Section of the Moody's IR homepage. Additionally, a replay of this call will be available after 3:30 P.M. Eastern Time on Moody's IR website. Thank you.

Duration: 66 minutes

Call participants:

Sallilyn Schwartz -- Global Head of Investor Relations and Strategic Capital Management

Raymond McDaniel -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Mark Kaye -- Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Robert Fauber -- President of Moody's Investor Service

Manav Patnaik -- Barclays -- Analyst

Toni Kaplan -- Morgan Stanley -- Analyst

Michael Cho -- JPMorgan -- Analyst

Alexander Kramm -- UBS -- Analyst

Craig Huber -- Huber Research -- Analyst

Joseph Foresi -- Cantor Fitzgerald -- Analyst

George Tong -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Henry Chen -- BMO Capital Markets -- Analyst

Timothy McHugh -- William Blair & Company, L.L.C. -- Analyst

Dan Dolev -- Nomura -- Analyst

William Warmington -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Shlomo Rosenbaum -- Stifel -- Analyst

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