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Thomas Burns

Okay. Thank you, Chris. Good afternoon and thank you all for joining us.
Today Glaukos reported record first quarter consolidated net sales of $106.7 million, up 25% on a reported basis or 26% on a constant currency basis versus the year ago quarter. We are also reaffirming our full year 2025 net sales guidance range of $475 million to $485 million as we balance our first quarter of performance while continuing to closely monitor the global macroeconomic environment and associated uncertainties.
Our first quarter record results reflect the sustained growth acceleration in our business with strong performance driven by iDose TR adoption, and both our US and international glaucoma franchises overall.
Our continued growth trajectory globally is the result of our ongoing efforts to pioneer and develop the intervention of glaucoma or IG marketplace with new stand-alone therapies designed to slow disease progression and reduce drug burden for the benefit of physicians and patients.
These efforts were on full display at the AGS conference in February and more recently at the ASCRS annual meeting last weekend, where the interest and excitement levels for interventional glaucoma and our technologies were high.
While we remain in the early stages of these IG efforts, we are encouraged with the increasing levels of clinical interest for this paradigm change in evolution. Within our US glaucoma franchise, we delivered record first quarter net sales of $59.1 million on strong year-over-year growth of 41%, driven by growing contributions from iDose TR, a first of its kind intracameral procedural pharmaceutical that was designed to continuously deliver glaucoma drug therapy for up to three years.
Importantly, clinical outcomes and product feedback from a growing number of cases and trained surgeons continue to be very positive and reaffirms our view that with the launch of iDose TR, we are pioneering a brand new therapeutic category that has the potential to reshape glaucoma management as we know it today.
Operationally, our teams continue to make great progress in the execution of our detailed launch plans for iDose TR, including: first, growing the universe of trained surgeons and accounts. Second, expanding utilization of the installed active surgeon base.
Third, broadening and streamlining market access among MACS, commercial and Medicare Advantage payers.
Fourth, expanding the robust body of clinical evidence. And fifth, accelerating and marketing investments to support increased patient awareness and education. Overall, while we remain in the early 80s, I couldn't be more pleased with the strong foundation we built to bring this transformative technology to market and expand the treatment alternatives for patients suffering with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Shifting to our US business as anticipated, the five MAC LCDs implemented in the fourth quarter of 2024 continue to cause some transient turbulence in the market during the first quarter as surgeons navigate restrictions on using two main surgical devices in the same procedure.
We expect this makes market headwind will continue over the course of 2025 as providers continue to navigate the impacts associated with these LCDs until the anniversary later this year.
Moving on our interventional glaucoma franchise also delivered record net sales of $29 million on a year-over-year growth of 15% on a reported basis and 19% on a constant currency basis. The Strong growth was once again broad based as we continue to scale our international infrastructure and execute our plans to drive things forward as the standard of care in each region and major market in the world.
We remain in the early stages of expanding our IG and product portfolio initiatives globally ahead of anticipated new product approvals and expanding market access in the years to come. As previously discussed, we expect the trialing of new competitive products in some of our major international markets may become an increasing headwind as we progress through 2025.
Finally, our Corneal Health franchise delivered net sales of $18.5 million, including Patrex and then sales of $15.4 million. As discussed throughout 2024, our first quarter results reflect the continued impact of [Fatrexa] realized revenues as a result of our entry as a company into the Medicare Drug Rebate program, or MDRP.
Shifting gears to our Corneal Health pipeline during the first quarter, we announced FDA acceptance for review of the previously submitted NDA for Epioxa, our next generation corneal cross-linking eye link therapy for the treatment of [DiResta], a rarely diagnosed site (inaudible) disease.
This important milestone brings us one step closer to being able to provide [care] to patients in the community with the first FE approved non-invasive corneal cross-linking drug therapy that does not require the removal of the corneal epithelium, the outermost layer of the front of the eye.
We look forward to working closely with the FDA and their pending review process as we progress towards the agency's established PDUFA date of October 20, 2025. Alongside this, our teams continue to make nice progress with the preparation and planning of the Epioxa commercial launch targeted for next year.
It is worth reminding investors that an FBIOX approval also provides us with the opportunity to launch this pharmaceutical therapy supported by the right long-term pillars to optimize patient access. A persistent and intense frustrating challenge for us historically Withaltrexone.
We continue to believe that Epioxa designed to preserve the corneal epithelium, streamline procedure times, improve patient comfort, and shorten recovery time, represents a potentially meaningful advancement in the treatment paradigm for patients suffering from keatonis.
Beyond Epioxa, we're also pleased to share we recently commenced a 510-K pivotal study under FDA ID for the pressor flow micro shock, an external system designed to help drain excess fluid from the eye and reduce intraocular pressure in refractory glaucoma patients.
Our commercial commercialization efforts of pressure flow in Canada, Australia, and several Latin American countries have reaffirmed the strong appetite within the global community for this technology as a more elegant, better tolerated, and external alternative to conventional filtration surgeries for late stage glaucoma management.
Additionally, we continue to advance several other important clinical trials, including one, a PMA pivotal trial for is infinite mild to moderate glaucoma patients.
Two, Phase 2 trials for iLink third generation therapy. Three, a first in human clinical development for GLK-401, our intravitreal multikinase inhibitor retinal program in wet AMD patients where we now also have an open US FDA IND.
And for a Phase 2b/3 clinical program for iDose TREX, our next generation iDose therapy. Finally, we remain on track to file a US FDA IND commence a clinical study for illusion [Demodex] later this year. As you can see, we have a lot to be excited about when it comes to the significant potential value that we believe our pipeline programs may create.
At the same time as we consistently discuss, we continue to prioritize the cadence of our investments as we strive to strike the right balance of risk-based investments in our capital position now and in the future. To that end, we ended the first quarter of 2025 in strong capital position with cash equivalent of more than $303 million and no debt.
This has allowed us to continue to be active on the business development front with a focus on transactions to support our existing organic growth initiatives. One such example of this is our recently announced expanded collaboration with RadiusXR and Topcon Healthcare that enables us to accelerate our global efforts to bring the tools and software solutions needed to democratize the diagnosis of glaucoma and in turn create more efficient care networks for patients afflicted with this lifelong disease.
Finally, given the ongoing conversations around tariff and geopolitical issues, we wanted to highlight that we manufacture and source our products primarily within the United States, and as such, we expect minimal direct exposure to the most recently implemented tariff related policies.
In conclusion, I am very pleased with the record quarter and strong momentum in our business as we continue to successfully advance our mission to truly transform vision by pioneering novel dropless platforms that can meaningfully advance standard of care and improve outcomes for patients suffering from sight threatening chronic eye diseases.
So with that I'll call for questions. Operator?

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Tom Steven, Stifel.

Thomas Stephan

Great, hey guys, thanks for taking the questions. I guess first to start off, would you be able to provide US state growth in the quarter and attack on to that, Joe or Tom, maybe if you can talk more about what you're seeing in terms of how doctors are reacting from a share standpoint to the LCD so far this year and expectations looking ahead for US mix.

Joseph Gilliam

Tom, it's Joe. I'll start off and then Tom can add any color then he might have the conversations he had, including this past weekend at ASCRS.
In the first quarter, we really saw the US you've seen the reported overall, 40% plus year-over-year growth, and the 5% sequential growth and as it might be expected that was entirely driven by the expansion of IOS TR and offset by the impact of these LCD restrictions.
They were modestly more pronounced than expected on our franchise and in total we saw a mid single digit decline year-over-year. So we're going to continue to probably forecast that for the foreseeable future here as we continue to navigate the potential impact of those LCD restrictions on our customers.
It's somewhat uniquely challenging for us to forecast given. We estimate that the LCD changes remove 10% to 15% of the MIGS volume, if you will, in 2025 and compared to 2024. But for us that's also somewhat offset by growing stand-alone utilization of ice and infinite and confounded obviously by the prioritization elevated associated with IOS TR.
So from a macro standpoint despite the 10% to 15%, call it headwind in the combo cataracts MIGS, our sense is that we're holding our own and the fact that we've experienced a mid single digit decline in the first quarter is probably a relative positive in the context of the overall market dynamics throughout that quarter.
And it relates to doctors, I think it's very specific to their own decisions and algorithms and how they make those selections. Obviously they're disappointed by the fact that the clinical decision making has been taken out of their hands and being determined by an insurer, in this case a medical director or a map.
But they're navigating that and perhaps they'll be focused more on a serial approach to the glaucoma care versus trying to do it combinatorially in a single procedure.

Thomas Stephan

That makes sense, really helpful. And then my follow up in guide of, I wanted to ask about Meridian specifically. It's been the most advanced MAC in terms of reimbursement. I think exiting last year was the only one with kind of streamlined J-code reimbursement and a professional fee on the fee schedule.
So Joe, have you seen or are you seeing any sort of inflection or acceleration? In Noridian, again with reimbursement in a solid place, and then is it fair to view Noridian, maybe a sort of an analog for when the rest of the MACS come up to speed. Thanks.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, I think clearly Noridian is the first case study that we can watch, assess, and then extrapolate in terms of what it can mean for the other MACS as they come online and in fact in some ways what we've been seeing as of late in Novita’s and the First Coast validates that assumption that the trend lines are somewhat consistent and the timelines associated with those trend lines are somewhat consistent.
Sometimes as these milestones are knocked down or as the adjudication becomes more streamlined, it takes a little bit of time for that to translate both to the sales force, the customer, to their scheduling and staffing as well as ultimately the procedures attached to it.
But what we are seeing is continued solid and expanding growth. You referenced Noridian specifically given it was there first, and it shouldn't surprise you that despite being around 20% of the covered lives, it's percentage of our overall, iStent contribution is something close to double that given the dynamics at play there.

Operator

Ryan Zimmerman, BTIG.

Ryan Zimmerman

Good afternoon. Thanks for taking our questions. Last quarter, Joe, you gave some commentary on kind of the components of guidance from a growth perspective, you've beat now for the, having the first quarter behind you, guidance is staying the same.
Maybe, be curious to know kind of where you stand on some of those components within your guidance, obviously with an emphasis on kind of the iStent versus, iDose franchises and contributions and or if those still hold and remind us what those are as we think about guidance.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, happy to do that, Ryan. Obviously the first quarter was strong from a performance perspective with the 25% growth and certainly highlight about the 40% plus growth in the US and if you think about, there are a fair number of, I'll call it adjustments as we make our way through the year in terms of what comprises the overall guidance here.
So in no particular order, when you think about the corneal health business, we continue to dial in the impact of MDRP on this franchise and at this point I think we would probably guide you towards flat to low single digit growth clearly ahead of what we expect to be an exciting year in 2026 with the launch of FBIOX.
That's a small slight change as we've got that. On the international glaucoma front, encouraging start to 2025, continued strong performance around the globe, and so we probably have revised expectations there of, I'll call it high single digit to low digital double digit growth year-over-year.
As we continue to kind of balance strong performance against the macro uncertainties and the backdrop that all companies are facing and then in particular obviously competitive product launches and key markets and the [launches] from that amended French rebate agreement we talked about in 2024.
And that then leads you to US glaucoma where I think we now expect that the LCD headwinds consistent what we saw in the first quarter, and I'll call it the hydrous royalty aspiration to generate a mid-single digit decline for non-iDose revenues in 2025.
And when you put all that together, which I'm not expecting you to do on the fly, Ryan, it's going to imply that we're actually are modestly increasing our iDose expectations for the remainder of 2025 versus what you probably had or most people had in their models coming into the call.

Ryan Zimmerman

Yeah. No, that makes sense, Joe, and that all tracks with kind of the numbers that I'm getting to. And so the follow up question to that is, is around the pacing of iDose. And we saw you this weekend at ASCRS, obviously a lot of focus there on iDose.
How do you think about, I mean, there is a pretty steep ramp implied on your iDose expectations this year. And some of that is from, kind of MACS coming on Board and so forth. But just talk us through kind of what's underpinning those assumptions to get from where we think you did today by my math, about $21 million and change this quarter to what arguably is almost double that by the fourth quarter?

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, sure. I mean in some ways also, as you know Ryan, it's not significant change in volumes that drive those numbers, obviously it's a doubling in volume, but at the end that we're at right now, modest changes in your assumptions can drive those types of results in your model in your forecast.
But look, I think for us, underlying where we sit today is obviously the month to month continued progress that we've been making. Including the progress we made from February to March and March into April sitting here today. If you think about what you're talking about using the number you gave $21 million you're already at an $85 million run rate exiting the first quarter.
And as March was probably the largest contributor of that. So as we move forward, I think we've got good momentum to continue to achieve the iDose expectations that are underneath our guidance.
And maybe more specifically, just thinking about the Medicare, fee for service patient population, Tom asked about Noridian, but clearly we also are in the middle right now of turning on Novitas and First Coast I would say that in recent weeks they've really joined the operating as expected group, which previously would have only had Noridian in it. And it took some time after the pro fee schedule was established and published to reach that status.
And at the same time, Palmetto and WPS today largely appear to be paying the J-code correctly and our attention and efforts in those MACS have started to shift to achieving more consistent professional fees.
And even CGS and NGS have been showing early signs of J-code consistency. So I'm not quite ready to put them in alongside Palmetto and WPS, there are signs for optimism there. The translation of which in each one of those things does not necessarily mean that any one point in time, any one quarter, including the quarter is where you're going to see some pop, but I do believe that overall it's a consistent upward progress on market access and in turn the commercial results that come downstream of that.

Operator

Larry Biegelsen, Wells Fargo.

Larry Biegelsen

Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. I guess, Joe, on iDose, the question I have is, have things played out according to your expectations on the reimbursement side has it taken longer? And obviously, I guess are you still, would you consider changing the price? I mean, obviously the price came out higher than people expected, how much of an impediment is that? And would you consider an LCD to unlock Medicare Advantage?

Joseph Gilliam

So a fair amount there, Larry. Let me first say that as it relates to iDose and our internal expectations both for 2024 as well as in the first quarter of 2025, the results have exceeded what our forecasting expectations were from an analytical perspective, as it relates to market access, that's a harder one to answer because while it may have aligned with some ways with what we had forecasted that underpinned our models.
You always want to move faster and you always want to see streamlined adjudication quicker whether it's on the drug side or on the professional fee side, because downstream of that, patients aren't getting access to your technology and your therapy that deserve it until you've got those things streamlined.
So we've been operating as an organization with a high degree of urgency quarter in and quarter out on working through the adjudication. And getting this to a place where it's more stream like it is now in Noridian Novitas and First Coast.
I don't, -- I think that it's a misconception to think that price is the element driving the pacing of these coverage and the streamline education. It's a process that every company goes through when they have a newly established T-code or in this case T-code and J-code to drive the volumes that are required for these MACS to both understand the underlying procedure, quantify or value that, and then feel confident enough to put it in their systems as such.
And so from our standpoint. I think maybe the only thing that impacted that from a price standpoint is that it's obviously a little bigger leap for the customers in the early days, but certainly well worth that squeeze, if you will, downstream as you get into the place like we are with both Noridian, Novitas and First Coasttoday.
I think as an LCD matter we've seen the downsides when others have pursued LCD, dynamics in and around us, and so I don't know that's the first place we would go to try to drive more streamlined adjudication. Ultimately the Medicare advantage policies we have pretty significant coverage today along the similar lines of what DiResta has as other procedural pharmaceutical and so we would expect it to go down that path moving forward here in a very similar way and continue to open up those access for those patients. I don't think we need an LCD to accomplish that.

Larry Biegelsen

All right, I'll leave it there. Thanks for taking the question guys.

Operator

Alan Gong, JP Morgan.

Allen Gong

Thanks for the question. Kind of piggybacking off of the tariff commentary that you provided, I think one of the concerns is that, as we move into the back half of the year with kind of a pretty uncertain macro backdrop, which country companies might be, more or less exposed to an economic slowdown and potentially kind of like, lower procedure volumes.
So I guess just from your point of view when we think about iStent and iDose if there is a economic slowdown, how exposed do you think you are to those kinds of dynamics?

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, I think it's something we factored in our decision to leave guidance where it's at. It may have been, in some ways one of the most significant contributors to our decision to sit tight on guidance here at the beginning of the year. And it's hard, Allen, to point to a specific cause and effect when it comes to things like, macroeconomic policy and the various places that can rear its ugly head.
For us in general ophthalmology, it follows the areas of health care that are a little bit more insulated, certainly the kind of procedures that are associated with glaucoma care where they're not elective as much in nature.
But anytime you see pressure on the economy at large, you can see, if rates rise and people are having a harder time getting, access to lines of credits or in general running their business, you can have impact as surgery centers or customer offices or different things struggle to make their way through an economic downturn.
And so I think it behooves all of us to stay a little bit cautious around, the next, 6,9,12 months as we play our way through the tariff situation, what it could mean for the economy overall.

Allen Gong

Got it. Thank you.

Operator

David Saxon, Needham.

David Saxon

Great. Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my questions. Maybe I'll do a couple on iDose. So on specifically on reimbursement, it looks like some of the iDose kind of pamphlets or guides that you have posted, it looks like it includes, like Med Advantage and commercial.
So I wanted to ask on commercial coverage, like, how broad is that coverage from a covered lives perspective? What are you seeing in terms of dollar reimbursement versus what the MACS are doing? And then I don't know if you can name like the major payers, commercial payers that are most consistent.

Thomas Burns

Yeah, David, obviously, I would say, first, maybe from a macro standpoint, given the progress we're making with Medicare, we have started to move forward selectively, in providing, I'll call it, customer patient access into the commercial Medicare Advantage arena.
We signaled that was part of our plan, and that's something that we very slowly and methodically began to roll out over the course of, really exiting the first quarter into the second. And I would expect us to continue to be equally as methodical as we move forward here, primarily because you want to ensure that your customers have the right experience, the right tools, to navigate, this more tricky payer landscape successful. But behind the scenes, our payer relations team, and others have been hard at work since, really, the date of approval.
And so, on both the commercial as well as the Medicare Advantage side, you see coverage policies that extend out over more than 50% of the potential patient population, that are covered by those respective areas. And with the rest, you almost universally see policy silence.
And so from our standpoint, we're in the process now of knocking down, that same claims adjudication, doing the prior offs, and getting comfortable that it's working the way it's supposed to. And we've had some good early success in seeing claims go through with payers as large as United and as small as some of the more regional plants that are out there.
So I think we're in a pretty good spot. And from a from a setup standpoint there, it really is much more down to methodical execution and making sure that those customers are doing it the right way in a way that's successful for their practice while they provide access to those patients for iDose.

David Saxon

Okay, great. That was super helpful. Thanks for that. And then in the script, you talked about, expanding the iDose launch. Some of that includes training. So I wanted to ask, like, if you could give an update on the percent of kind of your core iStent accounts that you've trained on iDose. Where is the level of demand among doctors for training versus kind of the capacity of the sales force to actually do the training? Thanks so much.

Thomas Burns

Yeah, David, I think it's an important point. We've said it before, but I'll reiterate it here. I don't think that the clinical training, if you will, the OR training, the dry labs, the initial procedures is in any way the gating item, from a capacity standpoint on our sales force nor from a demand perspective on behalf of the doctors. There are plenty of surgeons, every day who continue to want to be trained and add iDose into their toolkit, and our sales force is more than capable of meeting that that demand.
I think to answer my -- of your first question, the more time consuming and important aspect of all that is making sure that the entire office that surrounds that physician or that surgery center are good at adjudicating and processing and following up on the claims that they submit around the product.
And as they get better at that, then you start to see the doctor being able to do what they want to do clinically, and that's when we start to have some fun in an account in terms of where iDose can go.

Operator

Adam Maeder, Piper Sandler.

Adam Maeder

Good afternoon. Thank you for taking the questions. Two from me. The first one is on iDose reimplantation. I just wanted to see if there was any update there. I think you were planning to make a post approval supplement submission to FDA in the first half of the year. So any updates on the progress you're making with FDA? And how quickly do you expect to know, I guess, kind of one way or the other? And then I had a follow-up. Thanks.

Thomas Burns

Yeah. I'm happy to take this question. So yeah, we talked about filing the post approval NDA supplement in the first half. We've actually done so in the first quarter. So we've beaten that timeline. It's now with the FDA. The FDA has six month statutory obligation to get back to us. And so we expect to be able to hear results of their adjudication by year-end.

Adam Maeder

That's really helpful. Appreciate the color there, Tom. And one maybe for Joe or Alex, I know you guys don't give quarterly guidance, but you did give some helpful color on the last earnings call around kind of sequencing of models.
So wanted to see if there's any updated thoughts in terms of kind of how you see the rest of the year playing out on the top line and specifically wondering if you had any kind of reaction comment as it relates to Q2 revenue. iStent consensus at $116 million and Q2 iDose revenue at $25 million. Just any comment on where those figures stand? Thank you.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, happy to, Adam. I think, as you know, from a seasonality perspective, ophthalmology tends to be 23%, 24% in the first quarter, 24%, 25% in the second, and similar in the third, maybe down a touch. And then the remainder, anywhere from 27% to as much as 29%, 30% in the fourth. Obviously, ours gets up into a little bit because of the launch dynamics with iDose.
And sitting here today, I would probably point you to something, obviously, the first quarter represents about 22% of the midpoint of our guidance, and the second quarter will probably be somewhere in the 23%, 24% neighborhood, followed by 24%, 25% in the third and call it 28% to 30%, in the fourth quarter. And again, the exact pacing and sequencing of iDose is going to be the key determinant of that, on top of what is the underlying seasonality.

Operator

Joanne Wuensch, Citibank.

Joanne Wuensch

Thank you so much for taking the question. And you actually set it up great. So the quarterly pace for the remainder of the year, I think if I back into the guidance commentary, you raised maybe the iDose guidance by about $5 million. Could you confirm if that's correct? And also, do you think about the ramp over the subsequent quarters? Thanks.

Thomas Burns

Yeah. Joanne, I think what I'd probably say is, we'll get that specific, but clearly, I said we raised, underlying and implied this is a modest raise the iDose expectations. And clearly, we expect from month to month and quarter to quarter to continue to see the progress. I think when you unpack some of the earlier guidance that I gave and some of the commentary around the various parts of our business, cornea, interventional, the stents, et cetera, and the seasonality, you'll get pretty close to where you need to be from a pacing standpoint.

Joanne Wuensch

Thank you.

Operator

Margaret Andrew, William Blair.

Margaret Andrew

Hey, good afternoon guys. Thanks for taking the questions. Two, both around the stents side of the business. So, we were at ASCRS. We did see some data kind of around the benefits of combo procedures for patients. I guess, what do you guys think of these datasets? Are they incremental? Are they more meaningful? Can they have an impact on the current LCD? Or what steps, I guess, is the industry taking to potentially overturn it and timing of that?

Thomas Burns

I think from a macro standpoint, you ultimately have to combat that with evidence, right. And so, growing evidence, you referenced some, Margaret, around, studies that are done by, individual practices, groups of practices, manufacturers like Glaukos, ultimately are what help overturn, if you will, restrictions on clinical decision making, which is what you saw with the LCD in November.
So I think you should expect to see more of that, from us and from others and from practitioners themselves, because we all know that clinically, it makes sense to attack this progressive disease from multiple angles. And so shame on us if we're not generating evidence to support that.

Joseph Gilliam

And I would just add on that. If you think about it, we have been in the driver's seat in combination therapy for some time in multiple modalities. I think many of you are aware that we already have completed a Phase 4 clinical trial that compares the iStent infinite plus iDose versus infinite.
And our hope and expectation is that study will be able to generate data that will not only convince the operating clinician to go to a place where they already want to go, which is to combine two different modalities to be able to lower target pressures with a single procedure, but also be able to actively support any MAC commercial or Medicare Advantage adjudication in the future.
So we try to be prescient in doing these studies well in advance of the market trends that we see that are developing in front of us.

Margaret Andrew

Okay. That's helpful. Thank you. And then just as we look at guidance on stent growth and apologies if you sort of referenced it, but I'm going to try to get a finer point on it. The stent growth, I think you previously guided to for US kind of flat to down low single-digits. Is guidance now more solidly kind of in that down low single-digit range for US stents? And anything that we should think about from a comp perspective throughout the year, for that specifically? Thanks.

Thomas Burns

Yeah, Margaret. I did allude to it, but I'll put a finer point on it. The underlying expectation or guidance right now is that for the non-items business, obviously, the vast majority of which is spent, so that will be down mid single-digits for 2025.
That's based upon what we saw in the first quarter and a continuation of that trend. And then, again, the puts and the takes around that are obviously the restriction impacts in combination with cataract surgery, which are partially offset in our case by contingent growth in the standalone side of our of our stent business. But net-net, we expect the non-iDose revenues in the US to be down mid single-digit, frankly.

Operator

Richard Newitter, Truist Securities.

Richard Newitter

All right. Thanks for taking the questions. Can you elaborate a little bit on what assumptions you have for the remainder of the year with respect to your slightly higher iDose guide with respect to kind of what needs to be in place for additional pro fee coverage? Or can you more or less get to the numbers that you have with the level of reimbursement that you have now and just the physicians getting more comfortable going forward? I'm just trying to get a sense for kind of what needs to happen to get to the iDose numbers in your model?

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, well, maybe I'll look into it a little bit in the way it was asked earlier. So if -- I think the number that was thrown out was $21 million for the first quarter. So if you annualize that, you're talking about an $85 million run rate based upon the conditions that existed in the first quarter. Those conditions were obviously a solid payer, if you will, in Meridian, an emerging payer in Novatos and First Coasts that really started to turn on more towards the latter part of the quarter entering into the second. And increasingly improved, if you will, adjudication of claims at WPS, Palmetto and then later on NGS and CGS.
So underneath our assumptions is that that trend line continues where first they become all streamlined over the next stretch of time for the J-code and the facility. And then, usually at some point thereafter, the volumes ultimately drive professional fee schedules. And in addition to that, as I mentioned, we're going to be slowly methodically rolling out commercial Medicare Advantage.
There are a lot of drivers there that can drive varying outcomes, some of which are obviously more positive than our guidance, some of which are not. I think we've tried to be, I'll call it, the wide part of the bell curve, if you will, in the various scenarios in setting the guidance that we have and what that implies for Glaukos for the year.

Richard Newitter

Got it. And if I could just one more, on the Combo MIGS within a Combo-cataract doing more than one MIGS, is iDose getting implanted with the MIGS or in concert with a goniotomy, is that included in kind of the LCD change or is iDose actually able to get implanted on a stacked basis?

Joseph Gilliam

iDose nor any procedural pharmaceuticals a part of the LCDs that were published in November. And so the decisions associated with combinatorial use of that are entirely in the hands of the physicians that use the product.

Operator

Michael Sarcone, Jefferies.

Michael Sarcone

Good afternoon and thanks for taking our questions. Just to start, maybe following up on Rich's question, I believe last quarter, you had mentioned maybe there's just some slight benefit from commercial coverage wins baked into your expectations for iDose this year. Do you think you can comment on whether or not there have been any changes in kind of the mix of what's baked in for iDose between traditional Medicare and commercial?

Joseph Gilliam

I don't think our commentary, Michael, has really changed in the context of the commercial and Medicare Advantage dynamics with 2025. What we tried to say last quarter as well as this one is that we're going to be very methodical in rolling this out. We're going to be methodical in rolling out iAccess, especially pharmacy distribution as well as buy and build into this customer or these customer bases or insurance types.
And so obviously, we do expect some contribution over the course of the year from that, but we're really not anchoring our assumptions, our guidance or iDose's results underneath it based upon positive or negative associated with the commercial and Medicare Advantage rollout. Those are things that we want to make sure that we're very methodical in doing and so we're not pinning the forecast based upon a certain level of achievement of volumes out of those [insurance types].

Michael Sarcone

Understood. Thank you. And then my follow up maybe on the P&L, OpEx. Any change to your expectations for about 15% year-over-year growth of the adjusted '24 base?

Hey, Mike. This is Alex. Thanks for the question. And at this point, no, I mean, we would continue to march down this path watching and balancing our investments against the revenues that are generated by iDose and the rest of the business. And so we would continue to expect that 15% or so growth off the 2024 base on OpEx for the year.

Operator

Anthony Petrone, Mizuho Group.

Anthony Petrone

Thanks, and I hope everyone's doing well. Maybe question just on the Meridian region specifically iDose [do stick in their US iDose]. If we look at the Meridian region as being, sort of, further along the product curve here, maybe just an idea of a heavy user in that region. Do you have sites that are getting up to, say, 15, 20 units a month? And even in that region are there laggards? And what is the product experience been like where we do have a region where reimbursement is quite robust, and I'll have one quick follow up.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, Anthony, so for Meridian, which obviously I commented on earlier in the call from a, I'll call it, macro perspective, so I'll focus on your sort of customer utilization question. I think it's all of the above. We absolutely have customer and now growing customers, if you will, that are doing the 15 to 20 a month type volume for iDose within Meridian.
And we also have customers who are at very different phases of that adoption, some that are doing their first cases this week and/or might be doing just a handful but haven't fully adopted yet and haven't had it streamlined in terms of their practice and patient selection, all the various things that go into having a successful adoption within a surgical group.
We also have areas within the Meridian area that are performing much more strongly than others based upon other dynamics in the context of either hospital approvals or other things that can slow the adoption curve within even that geography where you do have streamlined coverage.

Anthony Petrone

Helpful and just a quick one here is leveraging the balance sheet. Should we think about leveraging the balance sheet to close the doughnut hole? That's, I would assume, more a commercial coverage sort of event, but maybe just a recap on the view from Glaukos on leveraging the balance sheet to close the doughnut hole for iDose. Thanks.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, I'll take a shot. I think I know what you're saying. The donut hole is this is a buy and build product, so it's about the donut, but it's more about the patient out of pocket associated with commercial payer lives. And we absolutely intend like most pharmaceutical products in the buy and build category to have $0 copay program. So we will, quote unquote, use the balance, if you will, to make sure that out-of-pocket coverage costs are not an issue to impeding utilization for those commercial payer patients.

Operator

Danielle Antalffy, UBS.

Danielle Antalffy

Hello. Can you hear me okay?

Joseph Gilliam

We can, yeah.

Danielle Antalffy

Okay, so -- about that guys. Just a high-level question for you guys. As iDose ramps and I appreciate the 2025 headwinds to the US iDose franchise, but longer term, what do you think is the right way to think about the long-term growth rate for the legacy iStent franchise in an environment where iDose is hopefully ramping pretty rapidly. Like what's the right way to think about the balance of those two businesses and how quickly the legacy iStent business can grow? And I had one quick follow up after that.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, I think there's a couple of different ways to parse that. I mean, first of all, obviously over the course of 2025, you have just the relative impact of the LCDs and a headwind to growth as we've alluded to, and I think others in the industry have it as well. But as you get past that, you're still talking about an industry segment where you're moving from a pretty small patient population in combination with cataract surgery into a very, very large potential patient population and standalone interventional glaucoma.
And I think if there was one thing that we certainly took away from the AGS earlier this year and ASCRS more recently, it's that this movement in partnership with physicians and increasingly in alignment with the broader industry, we're really leading the charge to once again change the standard-of-care in glaucoma and improve patient outcomes. I think we have more conviction now that this transformation, as alluded to an IG mindset, is well underway.
If you look at the sheer number of events, symposiums and conversations and debates, it's pretty encouraging as you think about that long-term growth dynamic for doing the right thing for patients and intervening early and as needed for these patients.
So that's a long way of saying I think you have a decade plus period here where both products like iDose as well as iStent and other areas of MIGS alongside of iStent can grow in tandem as more and more surgeons adopt a proactive mindset and really go after tackling this disease, which we believe is a surgical one.

Danielle Antalffy

Okay, got it. That makes sense. And then, just to follow up on that is iStent infinite in the standalone market development. I mean, where would you characterize how we are today? What are the barriers that you guys are still addressing there because that really does feel like the long-term opportunity here for iStent Infinite. Thanks so much.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, we agree, and I think, if you think about where we're at relative to those of us in the room and in the building who were there when we were changing the standard-of-care and pioneering and combination with cataract surgery, I would say, and I think Tom would agree that we're well ahead of that curve from a timeline perspective and changing the standard-of-care as it relates to standalone procedures.
Having said that, It never happens as fast as we would want or certainly you all as investors or analysts would want. It takes changing one surgeon's not just their clinical mindset, but then their operating behaviors and the things they do to educate their referral networks and ultimately getting these patients treated in an interventional way. And the good news is we're well underway on that front with quite a few early adopters that had already shifted their patterns, and that's only growing. And as I mentioned that was that was on full display at ASCRS and we couldn't help but be pleased with what we were seeing.

Thomas Burns

I was going to say that what's happened just in the last 18 months or so, since we have put our -- really turned our tourists towards this intervention of glaucoma mindset and mindframe. You can see it at AGS. You see it at ASCRS. There's clearly going to be a strong movement in the direction that we want. I think that the standalone is an incredible unexploited opportunity not only for iStent infinite. But as you think about it and do your models in the future, as I said earlier, what I do believe strongly is that surgeons will increasingly look to be able to take and be able to place a procedural pharmaceutical, in this case an iDose, in combination with an infinite to be able to maximize their opportunity to lower target pressures and preserve the vision of these glaucoma patients.
And so I ,think you're going to see growth on both sides. I don't think they'll happen at the expense of each other. I think that these two products can work in tandem, particularly in the out years as surgeons become increasingly comfortable placing dual modalities into the eye.

Operator

Patrick Wood, Morgan Stanley.

Patrick Wood

Perfect. Thanks so much. I'll keep it just at one. I'd love to hear a little bit about what you guys are hearing back from the patients and also the doc's conversations with the patients when it comes to iDose. Is this a quick and easy conversation. And there's quite a lot of buy-in from the patients right away. I mean, it seems a fairly easy value prop to communicate, but obviously, you have the doc buy in already. I'm just curious like how you feel the conversations between the docs and the patients are going and if you've had any feedback on that. Thanks.

Joseph Gilliam

Yeah, Patrick, I think that from a physician's standpoint, there's always a journey around the conversation they have with patients, in particular, where you're recommending interventional glaucoma procedure and in this case, obviously iDose. But what you see is every day them getting better at that and certainly as folks become more comfortable and confident with the outcomes, which we're seeing are terrific, that enables them to then speak with that much more confidence to the patients who are walking into their practice and recommending is something that they would do for their own eye or for their mother's eye if they were afflicted with glaucoma.
And so I think, we're making tremendous progress there. And most important, the foundation that underpins all of this is that the product is performing as advertised and as a result of physician enthusiasm continues to grow around it. Downstream of that, they will continue to perfect how they operate, how they talk to patients and all the various things that ultimately make this become what we think it will be.

Patrick Wood

Great stuff. Thanks, guys.

Operator

I will now hand the call back over to the company for closing remarks.

Thomas Burns

Okay. I want to thank you all for your time and attention today and thank you as well for your continued interest and support at Glaukos. Goodbye.

Operator

This concludes today's call.
Thank you for joining. You may now disconnect your lines.