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Second, Inseego was addressing the Global 5G market opportunity for mobile hotspots and fixed wireless access. So how is that? Our secret sauce is a universal platform architecture for 4G LTE and 5G millimeter wave and sub-6 GHz products. Together with our partners, Inseego has become an industry thought leader by showcasing new 5G use cases in numerous live demonstrations. For example, augmented reality for first responders, virtual reality telemedicine, AI robotics and live streaming of 4K video and others.

Inseego has real working devices that show attendees can pickup and operate, they're not glass in case static products like some of our competitors. Our devices meet rigorous low latency and throughput requirements that make the successful public demonstrations illustrate the power of 5G and as the saying goes no guts, no glory.

Third, we've seen an astonishing acceleration of customer engagements in the last few months. Our current service provider pipeline is in excess of 20 opportunities with mobile and fixed wireless 5G. We are obviously thrilled to be out in front in the 5G market, working hand-in-hand with ecosystem key partners, such as Ericsson, Nokia, Qualcomm and others. Both the Consumer Electronics Show, and last week's Mobile World Congress were tremendous successes, resulting in a major increase in customer awareness of Inseego. In other words, who we are, what we do, and why we matter.

The Inseego team has made great strides in 2018 and the transformation of Inseego 2.0 is right on track. Since I joined as CEO, quarterly adjusted EBITDA has grown over $9 million going from a loss of $3.2 million in the first quarter of 2017 to positive $5.8 million this quarter. Quarterly EBITDA has grown sequentially by 31% on average over the last seven quarters.

2017 was all about restructuring, creating focus and cost cutting to pave the road ahead. In 2018, we shifted gears to planning and then the early innings of the execution phase of our long-term strategy. 2019 is about laser focus and continued execution. A lot has been accomplished in a relatively short period of time and rest assured, we have the right stuff to keep the momentum going, Inseego is in it to win it.

I want to take a few moments to look back over the last 12 months, so everyone can connect the dots on how we knew -- how we plan to move forward over the next 12 months. In January 2018, we launched a new three-year strategic plan and reorganized around two business units, IoT and Mobile Solutions and Enterprise SaaS Solutions. We created a comprehensive product roadmap shaped by large high-growth market opportunities that past the real worth it and winnable test. We then developed an ecosystem of strategic partners to complement the roadmap. We've raised about $20 million of new capital, led by a Marquess new lead investor, Tavistock. This was done to accelerate our investment in new products and go-to-market resources and to take an important step toward deleveraging the balance sheet. And we strengthened our Board of Directors with two outstanding new Board members.

We successfully ended an outstanding lawsuit filed before I joined the Company, which removed the dark cloud that was hanging over the Company. We stabilize the MiFi product and resumed growth in the second half and increased full-year EBITDA on our Enterprise SaaS business by $5.6 million year-over-year. We recorded numerous design wins in 4G, 5G, Aviation, IoT and DMS and captured new business globally. We brought numerous new products to market with more to come in 2019.

In the fourth quarter, we moved contract manufacturing to Foxconn in Taiwan to achieve greater scale, meet the technical requirements of our new generation of products and eliminate potential future tariffs exposure. We added a lot of muscle to the organization by recruiting key resources in advanced technology, product development and product line management. Additionally, we opened the new innovation center in Cupertino to be a ground zero of the technical expertise we need going forward. We implemented a new go-to-market structure and appointed sales leaders for North America international markets. All of these advancements combined created a much broader product line and gave us the ability to win new customers and expand into new geographies.

In summary, 2018 was an amazing year of progress and creation of foundation for sustainable growth and shareholder value. Moving to the IoT and Mobile Solutions business, we added six new customers with our mobile products including several Tier 1 service providers and numerous enterprise customers with our industrial IoT portfolio. Our strategy of upfront investment in common global platforms, allowed us to rapidly adapt our 4G LTE products to meet the needs of new customers who operate on a wide array of wireless bands.

IoT and Mobile Solutions quarterly revenue increased 16% sequentially and 35% year-over-year. This increase was led by the launch of our MiFi gigabit hotspot in Q4, as well as design services revenue for our new 5G products. Adjusted EBITDA improved by 46% quarter-over-quarter and 235% year-over-year. And I would say, to have some of our R&D investments funded by our customers, speaks volumes to our value proposition.

We made amazing strides to be first in the industry with a complete 5G NR mobile in fixed wireless product portfolio. We started with the industry's first millimeter wave deployment with our R1000 home router solution as part of Verizon's ultra-fast 5G home service. We have since engaged multiple global Tier 1 service providers for both millimeter wave and sub-6 GHz fixed wireless and mobile hotspot solutions for consumer, enterprise and SMB markets as the end customers.

The expertise of our product teams in history of being first-to-market in every new generation wireless technology gave us the unique position to lead the 5G and our device solution market and to stay in the lead. Much discussion in the industry today is about 5G for the consumer broadband market, which will be massive. However, we expect the 5G enterprise in SMB markets to be even bigger, and why is that? While it's because of the sheer number of use cases for businesses. We are now extending our industry-leading mobile platforms into industrial enterprise IoT markets where we are winning new enterprise customers. We're also addressing greenfield market opportunity, specifically driven by first net and CBRF spectrum.

We made progress in the enterprise market by strengthening our channel sales team and signing key distribution partners, including SYNNEX, Novotech and this morning we announced Arrow Electronics. We are invested -- we are investing in focused marketing to grow awareness of our new offerings with channel partners and to drive lead generation. I call this line of sight to revenue marketing.

Going forward, we will continue to extend our latest mobile technology innovations across our industrial IoT portfolio and add a cloud, enabled architecture to provide our customers deep visibility into their enterprise operations. In other words, it's a very compelling intelligent device to cloud IoT value proposition.

Turning to the Enterprise SaaS business, we saw 3% quarter-over-quarter growth in subscribers, bringing our total recurring revenue subscriber base to nearly 1.1 million. The Ctrack business, outside of South Africa, continues to experience double-digit annual subscription revenue growth. It's not news of the 2018 was a year of significant foreign exchange rate fluctuations against the U.S. dollars in all our foreign currencies and a much weaker South African rand.

Quarterly Enterprise SaaS revenues were flat sequentially and decreased 5% year-over-year. However, on a constant currency basis, quarterly revenues grew 1% sequentially and 3% year-over-year. Quarterly enterprise SaaS adjusted EBITDA decreased 3% sequentially and increased 9% year-over-year on a constant currency basis adjusted EBITDA decreased 2% sequentially and increased 10% year-over-year.

The quarter-over-quarter decrease is primarily attributed to installation backlog on Ctrack fleet deals in South Africa, while the year-over-year increase is driven by a much improved cost structure. The timeline from engagement to revenue growth in the Ctrack aviation vertical in many ways resembles our service provider customers. In aviation asset tracking, the customers are global airlines, major airports and global ground service equipment operators.

It takes time and requires patience and 2018 was all about planning aviation flags by capturing design wins and signing agreements with ecosystem partners such as KLM Equipment Services and Sprint.

In Q4, we added new aviation customers including another Tier 1 global operator and expanded our North American deployment footprint. Our current opportunity pipeline is the largest I've ever -- it's ever been with 13 global and regional customers evaluating our solution set. Net-net, we have a diverse base of customers and new opportunities across North America, EMEA, and APAC, further validating the leadership and compelling return on investment of our Ctrack aviation solution.

We continue to see aviation asset tracking as another billion dollar revenue opportunity over a multi-year basis since these are multi-year contracts.

Last earnings call, I discussed how we restructured global sales and appointed new leaders for North America and international markets. Commensurate with more products, more customers and more geographies, we are strengthening our supply chain. In February, we announced the appointment of Doug Kahn as Executive Vice President of Operations and Customer Success reporting directly to me. In this role Doug is responsible for a complete fulfillment value chain from customer order to installation. Doug brings more than 20 years of supply chain and operations management experience in public and private equity backed companies throughout the United States, Asia and Europe. And Doug is another world-class tech executive who like the rest of the management team knows how to scale businesses.

Partnering the Foxconn enables us to optimize product cost structure, provides access to the world's best component suppliers and delivers best-in-class supply chain service levels. Job one for Doug is to put in place the structure, processes and resources to dramatically increase the scale of our supply chain operations and drive cost of goods sold efficiencies.

Looking forward into 2019, first and foremost, we have painted (ph) an even more aggressive target for ourselves in 2018. Notably, accelerating our product leadership and planning many more flags around the globe with design wins, reinvigorating Ctrack top-line growth, and improvements in our operations and supply chain to drive profitable growth. The outlook for 2019 and 2020 is very positive.

Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Steve to provide financial highlights for the quarter and guidance for the first quarter.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Dan, and good afternoon, everyone. I'll cover the GAAP and non-GAAP results for the year and the fourth quarter and provide some additional details on the performance of IoT and Mobile Enterprise SaaS Solutions. As Dan highlighted, we've made tremendous strides over the past 12 months. We've won new business with new domestic and international service providers. We distinguished ourselves as a key player in the 5G ecosystem. 5G and 4G LTE advanced products will be the top growth drivers for Inseego over the next several years.

Before we getting into the details of the quarter and the full year, I'm going to touch on some key highlights. GAAP operating income for the year inclusive of the RER settlement was $14 million, a year-over-year swing of $36.2 million and the highest operating income in over a decade. Successive growth in adjusted EBITDA, $2.8 million in Q4 '17, $3.3 million in Q1 '18, $3.8 million in Q2, $4.7 million in Q3, and $5.8 million in Q4. The last two quarters of which were sequential record quarters. 2018 full year EBITDA was $17.6 million as compared to $2.3 million for full year 2017.

Non-GAAP earnings per share in Q4 was $0.02, the highest achieved since 2011. On a full year basis, non-GAAP loss per share improved from $0.29 to $0.04. All in all, in 2018, we made tremendous progress toward Inseego 2.0.

In 2019, our focus will be on growth, mainly in the second half, Planning 4 and 5G flags, driving the aviation asset tracking business, expanding into and within new geographies across all product lines and setting the stage for further bottom line growth, and deleveraging the balance sheet.

Now going into the meat of the quarter and the full-year results. As noted in the press release you received this afternoon, 2018 total year revenue was $202.5 million, 7.7% less than 2017. Q4 revenue of $56 million with $5.4 million better than last quarter and up $9.5 million from Q4 2017. From the first quarter 2018 to the fourth quarter revenues grown sequentially quarter-over-quarter, virtually all of the growth was in IoT and Mobile Solutions.

Engineering Design Services in IoT and Mobile Solutions revenue was $3.8 million in the fourth quarter, up from $2.1 million in the third quarter. 2017 had no material engineering design services revenue. In the near term, the majority of our IoT and Mobile revenue remains concentrated with few customers. Accordingly, we will continue to see some level of revenue lumpiness until the recent design wins, notably 4G, 5G and aviation begin to materialize into meaningful revenue streams, which is expected in the second half of 2019.

Full year 2018 GAAP gross margins increased from 30.7% to 34.9%. In Q4, gross margin was 35.3%, an increase of a 0.5 point from the third quarter and 2.4 points less than the same period a year ago, mainly due to the Q4 2017 onetime time recovery of $1.8 million of previously abandoned product line.

Full year 2018 GAAP OpEx was $56.6 million, an improvement of $33 million from the prior year including the $17 million gain associated with the RER settlement in Q3. Net of that settlement operating expenses were lower by almost $16 million or 18% year-over-year given the breadth of new products in the pipeline and our push into new geographies, expect that our OpEx will increase more specifically in the areas of product development and sales and marketing.

Our Q4 CapEx was $19 million, including approximately $634,000 of impairment of certain Ctrack assets in Africa, $860,000 of amortization of purchased intangibles and $1 million in share-based compensation. GAAP operating income for the year was $14 million versus a 2017 loss of $22.2 million. Q4 GAAP operating income was $814,000 as compared to $16.6 million in Q3, which included the settlement gain and $788,000 in Q4 '17. Our GAAP net loss and net loss per share were $8.1 million and $0.12, respectively for the full year '18; and $4.2 million and $0.06, respectively for the fourth quarter. On a comparable basis, the net -- the GAAP net loss was $45.7 million or $0.78 per share for full year 2017 and income of $10 million or $0.15 per share for fully diluted share in Q3 including the settlement gain. The net loss of $3.8 million or $0.06 per share in Q4' 17.

As you recall, in Q4, we benefited from almost $3 million associated with the sale of the previously written-off product and the newly enacted tax legislation. Our weighted average shares outstanding for Q4 was 73.6 million shares, an increase of about 5.1 million shares from the third quarter. In Q4, our weighted average shares outstanding was approximately 60.4 million. For 2018, full year, our weighted average shares were 66.1 million as compared to 58.7 million for 2017.

Now turning to the non-GAAP metrics, full year and Q4 2018 non-GAAP gross margins were 36.3% and 36.5%, respectively. This compares to full year and Q4 2017 of 32% and 35.2%, respectively, and 36.1% in Q3 2018. Full year 2018 non-GAAP OpEx was $63.8 million compared to $76 million for 2017; more than two-thirds of the reduction was in G&A.

For the quarter, non-GAAP operating expenses were $16.4 million, an increase of approximately $900,000 from last quarter and an increase of $1.1 million or 7% as compared to Q4 '17. G&A grew about $140,000 from last quarter, sales and marketing increased $270,000 and R&D expenses grew just over $500,000 as compared to last quarter, consistent with expectations.

We currently have many new products in the pipeline, some of which have launched, others are in various stages of development, spanning a collection of technologies from 4G LTE to 5G from industrial IoT to hotspots to EDGE gateways. The point is, we're investing for the future. Keep in mind that we purposely designed our product platforms to cover global bands, which reduces both the cost and time associated with product development. However, we still need to fund the carrier-specific certifications, expect that our product development costs will increase as we bring these new products to market.

Our Q4 non-GAAP operating income was $4 million, an increase of $1.2 million from last quarter and an increase of $3 million from the same period last year. On a full-year basis, 2018 non-GAAP operating income was $9.7 million versus a loss of $5.8 million in 2017, a $15.5 million year-over-year improvement. Our adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter of 2018 was a record $5.8 million as compared to $4.7 million for Q3 and $2.8 million for the same period 2017. Year-over-year, this represents year-over-year growth of 107% in EBITDA.

2018 full-year adjusted EBITDA was $17.6 million, which is almost eight times higher than the total 2017 adjusted EBITDA $2.3 million. Our non-GAAP net income per share in Q4 was $0.02 as compared to a loss of $0.01 last quarter and an increase of $0.04 versus the same period last year. On a full-year basis, the non-GAAP loss per share was $0.04 compared to $0.29 in 2017. You'll find a reconciliation of our GAAP to non-GAAP financials in the press release that was issued earlier today.

Now, I'll breakdown IoT and Mobile and Enterprise SaaS Solutions. IoT and Mobile Solutions revenue for the full year 2018 was $135 million, down 11% from 2017; Q4 '18 revenue of $40 million was up 16% from Q3 and up 35% from Q4 '17. Consistent with our development initiatives, we recognized $3.8 million of engineering design services revenue in Q4. We currently have several 5G projects under way and unlike Inseego 1.0, we are benefiting from customer investments as we drive to accelerate deployment our 5G portfolio with multiple Tier 1 service providers in multiple geographies. We are focused on growth in 2019. Accordingly, we have moved the majority of our production to Foxconn in Taiwan. The results of this move will both improve the supply chain performance and allow us to more aggressively pursue cost and margin improvements. Non-GAAP gross margin for IoT and Mobile Solutions was 25.4% in Q4, as compared to 23.4% in Q3, and an increase of 6.8 points year-over-year from Q4 2017. On a full year basis, 2018 gross margins improved 5.6 points to 22.7%. On a pro forma basis, adjusted EBITDA for IoT and Mobile Solutions was $3.3 million in Q4, up about $1 million or 46% from Q3, and up $2.3 million from the same period last year, as a result of higher revenue and improved gross margins.

On a full year basis, IoT and Mobile Solutions adjusted EBITDA was $8 million compared to $600,000 in 2017. Enterprise SaaS Solutions revenue was $16 million in Q4, flat to the prior quarter. The in-quarter revenue FX was approximately $250,000 from the prior quarter, mainly as a result of continued weakness in the South African rand versus the U.S. dollar. On a full year basis, Enterprise SaaS Solutions revenue increased about $700,000, the majority of which was in Ctrack. Double-digit growth in the European markets was offset by both currency weakness and market dynamics in South Africa.

The non-GAAP gross margins for Enterprise SaaS Solutions in Q4 2018 was 64.5%, as compared to 63.6% in Q3 2018 and 64.4% in the same period last year. Total gross margins contracted slightly falling 2.7% to 63.6% for full year 2018. On a pro forma basis, adjusted EBITDA for Enterprise SaaS Solutions in Q4 was $4.4 million or about 28% of revenue. This is down $150,000 from the prior quarter and up about $400,000 from the same period last year due to cost containment actions taken over the past 18 months.

On a full year basis, Enterprise SaaS adjusted EBITDA was $18.3 million, an increase of 44% from 2017. To round things out, this leaves approximately $1.9 million per quarter or $8.7 million per year in unallocated corporate expenses, largely G&A to tied to the consolidated adjusted EBITDA.

Keep in mind, this pro forma information is strictly a non-GAAP estimate intended to illustrate the businesses as a stand-alone entity. These pro forma figures are based on allocations of shared service costs and are subject to change.

Now turning to the balance sheet. Cash and cash equivalents inclusive of restricted cash was $31.1 million at the end of Q4, decreasing about $0.5 million from Q3, compared to the same period last year, cash and cash equivalents are up about $8.9 million; operating cash flow was $2.1 million in Q4. As I stated on previous conference calls, we will see cash balance fluctuations due to inter- and intra-quarter working capital changes as we balance the performance of payables, receivables and inventories. Accounts receivables dropped $6.8 million in the quarter, inventories grew about $12.7 million in Q4, approximately $8 million of which was due to a pre-purchase of raw materials in anticipation of the contract manufacturing transition, the balance for finished goods.

Moving on to guidance, as previously stated, we are making investments in our product development and expanding the sales and marketing teams worldwide. At a macro level, I expect to see a dynamic where the second-half growth exceeds the first half as our go-to-market actions to bring on new customers in new geographies around the globe, reorganization of the Ctrack sales operation in South Africa and a leadership change in Ctrack Australia, combined with the expansions of 4G and 5G products and aviation wins, bear fruit across both IoT and Mobile and Enterprise SaaS Solutions.

Q1 has been impacted by a single component supply shortage, unrelated to move to Foxconn. That impacted our ability to ramp and ship the MiFi 8800L or gigabit hotspot early in the quarter. Additionally, the same component supply shortage caused a delay in the launch of a couple of new products we're bringing to market, pushing the rollout from Q1 into early Q2. Both of these have affected Q1 revenue. We continue to consume materials from our old contract manufacturer and have less engineering design services revenue, both of which will have the effect of compressing gross margins during the first couple of quarters.

I would expect Q2 in second half of 2019 to be in line with current consensus estimates and we are reaffirming the year-end target adjusted EBITDA run rate of $40 million annualized. As a result of the component supply shortage highlighted above, we expect our Q1 total revenues to be in the range of $45 million to $50 million and our consolidated adjusted EBITDA to be in the range of $2 million to $4 million. IoT and Mobile Solutions revenues are expected to be in the range of $30 million to $33.5 million and Enterprise SaaS Solutions revenues are expected to be in the range of $15 million to $16.5 million, assuming a fairly limited impact of foreign exchange.

That ends my prepared remarks. At this point, I will turn the call back to Dan for his closing comments. Thank you.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Steve. We can all agree that 2018 was a year of tremendous progress across all areas of the business. 2019 is the year we gain much more momentum as we enter the middle innings of Inseego's transformation. With innovative new products, a much stronger salesforce and operations capabilities, Inseego is now in the strongest position in the history of the Company. The Company is firing on all cylinders and continues to get stronger every day. Most importantly, our customers and strategic partners are voting for Inseego with their wallets.

I want to once again thank all our employees for their tireless efforts. The strides we're making is the direct result of their skill and dedication. We have phenomenal teamwork, a culture of personal accountability and relentless execution. We're succeeding and I can tell you the energy levels in the Company are sky high. It was famously said, and I quote great moments are born out of great opportunity. Inseego has a great opportunity and I believe one that comes along once in a lifetime. 5G has been rightfully called general-purpose technology, which sounds kind of bland. What that means is 5G is foundational to the fourth industrial revolution, as was the steam engine, electricity and computing in prior generations. It is now clear that this is the greatest opportunity for Inseego in our history and it's unfolding right now.

The Consumer Electronics Show was amazing and Mobile World Congress last week was even better. We met with 24 global operators last week representing combined mobile subscriber base of over 1 billion subscribers. To put a billion mobile subscribers into perspective, AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile and Sprint combined have about 430 million subscribers. I'm confident that our pipeline measured by the aggregate number of mobile subscribers will continue to grow throughout 2019, and I expect it to approach 2 billion subscribers by year-end as more operators complete their 5G planning and move toward deployment. The numbers are simply staggering.

The road to $1 billion in 5G revenue is now clear and we are going forward. We are focused on continuing to plant flags with many more design wins. So before I closes, a couple more things I want to mention. We have chalked up more 5G success by partnering with the Tier 1 Asia-Pac service provider, Optus in Australia with our new sub 6 gigahertz 5G fixed wireless gateway. Also our new category M1, Cat-M1 tracker product was selected by a top-tier North American mobile operator, which makes two design wins in this category.

Lastly, the global distribution agreement we announced with Arrow Electronics this morning is to supply our entire industrial IoT and Ctrack products to their network of resellers and end customers. Net-net, with the sheer size of our customer pipeline and number of new products coming to market, I can tell you that 2019 will be a year of many more exciting headlines. Inseego 2.0 is gaining momentum. So that concludes my prepared remarks and I'll turn it over the operator to start the question-and-answer period.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

Thank you. (Operator Instructions) First question comes from Mike Walkley with Canaccord Genuity. Please go ahead.

Mike Walkley -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Great, thanks for taking my questions and congratulations on reaching adjusted EBITA targets exiting 2018. Dan, I just wanted to start with how you ended the call, just can you to help us think about the pipeline with the carriers you are meeting with, what's the feedback of your position relative to the competition and how do you see kind of 5G developing and what that means for Inseego revenue as 2019 plays out with the second half versus the first half? Thank you.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. So, thanks, Mike. Well, I think first and foremost, the meeting is -- and the number of meetings that came about themselves were from the ability to demonstrate actual live working products. It may sound rather obvious, but it is such that our competitors are there with products and their glass stages. So it is that; it is some of our current customers being excellent reference accounts speaking with these. It is also a function of our expanding our international sales force and pure outreach into EMEA and Asia-Pac. So, those are new geographies with new customers. So, I think it's a combination of things. But I think first and foremost, once we spend time with these customers and go through our product portfolios and sell them where we are, where we're going, they come away extremely impressed and literally from that point on this follow-ups and engagement such as MOUs, et cetera, et cetera, to begin testing and trials in early stage of deployment.

Mike Walkley -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Okay and just building on that, just how we think about the model. How should we think, Steve, just about your OpEx levels exiting the year maybe from where you enter -- you're entering the year, given the investments going and how should gross margins trend maybe in your business as new hardware ships on the better platform at Foxconn?

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Great question, Mike. So I expect that we'll see some increase, especially in the second half as we start shipping more of the higher-end like 5G products and so on, we'll see an uptick in the gross margin. As far as OpEx, we'll eventually see it asymptote, we haven't provided much guidance in terms of exact OpEx numbers. But as I stated, we are keeping in line with the stated goal of the $10 million in fourth quarter or leaving the year at a $40 million annualized run rate. So, you can form your opinion from that.

Mike Walkley -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Okay, that's helpful. And then last question for me and I'll pass the line. Just any color on -- can you tell us what component was short timing of how it's ramping now and is there an impact also to Q2 for the short component or Q2 should be nice step up from Q1 consistent more, I guess, with consensus numbers back maybe in $55 million range? Thank you.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, Mike, it's Dan here and I'll make the comment as Steve to chime in, but it's interesting how you can run into situations and what would consider to be very relatively minor tech -- low-tech components that you can get a worldwide shortage and in that instance, it was the situation and literally was an LED driver part, that is less than a dollar. So there's the irony of it. But nonetheless, so what can you do about it. Well, you can dual source with your design and so that's what we've done and rectify that particular issue.

I will say, it happens in this tech market, it does, of course, you can never see it coming. But that is exactly what happens. So, it's what you do to mitigate it and get around it. And in that instance, then what happened in January regards slow out of the gate and being able to supply to demand on our new gigabit hotspot, as well as the same component was a common component used in some of our new product launches. So they moved from Q1 to Q2. So, it's definitely a bump on the road, one that we've overcome and now we're moving forth and our design, in fact, is now dual source. So, should we run into again with one? We've got another supplier in place.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, Mike, as Dan said, there was a -- it was a very inexpensive part and then kind of sell off guard. What happened is the vendor had a problem at their fab and they basically lost the recipe on it. So it impacted more than just us, and we obviously had to spend extra money to buy parts on the open market to fulfill demand. But since that time, we, as Dan said, we brought on the second source and we're scouring all our bonds to make sure we don't get caught with other single sourced products anymore and as matter of fact, Doug coming online is pushing that mantra forward as well.

Mike Walkley -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Thanks. Taking my questions and best wishes for planting more flags in 2019.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Mike.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Mike.

Operator

The next question comes from Scott Searle with Roth Capital. Please go ahead.

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. And I appreciate all the color and the detail in terms of the outlook. Maybe just to follow-up on that point. And some of Mike's questions. I'm not sure I heard a quantification of the component impact in terms of dollar sales in the first quarter, kind of curious on that front. And then the gross margin impact near term before it sounds like we start to see that ramp or that continued trajectory right on the gross margin front on the product side, over the course of this year with new products, especially on the 5G front. And then I had a couple follow-ups.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

So on the component issue. Scott. Sorry. The -- suffice to say, we would have been in a position to meet or beat first quarter consensus easily if we hadn't had this problem. I'm not going to give you exact quantification of it, but that's pretty much where we would have been. We've given you the guidance $45 million to $50 million. As far as the size of it, you can run your own math on that. As far as the second question, can you repeat that.

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Gross margin impact related to that and how we should think about the first half, before some of the new products start to kick in and give you a better blended mix.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes, so probably there will be a little bit of a compression in the gross margin in Q1, obviously because we had the shortages and had gone on the open market to find the parts and paying more than we would have otherwise.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I think there's other aspects, if you want to use the term work around and expedited shipments in alternate ways to distribute the product because we were compressed in the first part of the quarter and needed to make up with volume after we got this resolve (ph) later in the quarter. So I think there is a couple of factors in there that led to -- that will lead to margin compression in Q1.

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Okay, great, thanks. And then maybe to follow-up on the excitement level related to design activity engagement with new carriers because it's sounds like it's multiple fronts, it's gigabit LTE. It's 5G on both mobile hotspot and SaaS products, I think you threw out a number of over 20 carriers that are currently looking or at an evaluation stage. Can you give us an idea how many you've won maybe at this point in time or once we get into the second half of this year, what are your current expectations, in terms of the number of carriers that are going to ramp? I would assume most of that is probably hotspot focus, but as fixed wireless really starting to come in and contribute later this year? Can you give us a little bit more color on that front? Thanks.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, I think -- yes, thanks, Scott. So, going back, previously, we, of course, talked about the Verizon home gateway product. They are 1,000 (ph). We previously announced Verizon 5G hotspot selection. Last quarter, we announced Telstra and we discussed Optus on the call today. So that's -- you can think about that as in terms of where we are under our belt, so to speak. Going forward, it's very interesting, there is interest across the board, it depends on the service provider but there are -- there is interest in the 5G hotspot, there's interested by some in leading with the 5G home gateway, and there is interest in doing both from the get-go. So it's a mix, but it's well distributed, it's very good balance. The other thing I would say in our engagements, there is a ton of interest in the gateway product quite frankly to serve SMB markets. It's a very economical broadband access for SMB and up the stack with enterprise. So, and so much as we describe it in the home gateway context, it has purposes we are seeing in other -- in other parts of the the end customer market. So, it's really exciting, it's a very broad front and there is a great distribution between engaging on our 5G hotspot and the home gateway. And as you go around different markets, there are mmWave markets and there are sub-6GHz markets depending on the carrier bands.

So we took the choice -- we took the -- made the decision to build both of those in, so we could be flexible in addressing the opportunities since you couldn't fully predict what was going to unfold over the past 12 months. So, I think we're in a great position. The outcome of Mobile World Congress was way beyond anyone's expectation. We were super busy. And I think, having live product on the Ericsson booth, on the Verizon booth and these other demos with robotics and augmented reality did really create a whirlwind of interest and customers coming through the door, I would say, additionally, as we're having those discussions, we have everything on display. We have our industrial gateways, we have our trackers, we have other products there. So, it's actually the entry point then is leading to broader conversations on our product line, which of course is great.

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Okay. Thanks so much. Great color. Just lastly, and I'll get back the queue. Industrial IoT and the industrial gateway, I think that was one of the stores in general at Mobile World Congress and you guys have been talking more about it, it sounds like there's a lot of engagement on that level with some of the new products. I'm just kind of curious when you expect to see first meaningful revenue from that, right? You just really launched the product kind of big debut, I think, and push it at the show, kind of what are the broad based thoughts in terms of how that contributes in 2019? Thanks, and nice quarter.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, thanks very much. Scott. So yes, on the industrial gateway. It was one of those after mentioned product that this particular component impacted us, so what was to have been a kind of in Q1 launch for those. It's now kind of early Q2. So I think that answers the question relative to start of revenue. It's a ramp thereafter from our direct sales efforts as well as our channel distribution efforts. So, at any rate, that's when we expect to see -- that's when the beginning will happen and then we'll ramp from there, but I think is...

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Right, thank so much.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, Steve generally positioned, the story is one of the second half will look quite a bit different than the first half. I think we've kind of underline that point fairly well and there is a number of contributing factors we discussed 5G IoT, aviation et cetera. So, that's the target. We're going after and that's where we headed down -- heads down executing.

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Okay, thanks.

Operator

The next question comes from Mike Latimore with Northland Capital Markets. Please go ahead.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

Congratulations on the quarter. That looks great.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks Mike.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Thanks Mike.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

In terms of the kind of growth drivers in the second half of the year, should we still think about sort of 4G LTE being the majority of the revenue with kind of 5G building. Just trying to get a sense of a mix, kind of 4G LTE versus 5G kind of exiting the year?

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Thanks, Mike. So 5G is still in the early innings, we're beginning deployments now. They will build up through the year, as we would -- as we've stated and everyone I think would expect. Early days, the mix is tilted toward 4G LTE is the dominant, if you will, technology format. We're very happy that we've come out with a kind of a world beater gigabit LTE 4G products. So it's not running the mill and there is a ton of interest and we mentioned the 6 Tier 1 operators that we've expanded into. It's really a function of -- with design wins, is really a function of the capabilities of that 4G product.

So that will -- that will occur through the year. In fact, as a matter of fact, what we will see because of the broadening of our customer base with 4G, plus 5G kicking in, it's a combinational effect. It's not a substitution or swap effect. So, again, we're pointing to a much more promising looking second half of the year, because all of these things are coming together in combination.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

Yes. That makes sense. Is the thought that your Enterprise SaaS business will kind of regrowing in the second half of the year -- year-over-year?

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. We've -- we -- if you look back taking cost out and you see the year-over-year EBITDA improvements, there was a function of that. And so, that was sort of Phase 1. Phase 2 is, we've talked about some of the restructuring of South Africa and Australia. I will say this, putting those aside for a second, Europe is performing very well.

We were overhauling, if you will, sales leadership in South Africa. That's been put in place, and new leadership is just in the -- then in pointed in Australia. That's been put in place. So again, put those in combination, there's nothing fundamentally wrong with the business. I would say, we have the FX impact, and we have some execution issues in a couple of the geographies that we've taken corrective action on. So, that's a really long way to answer, it will build up (inaudible) here. We expect a much better looking second half than first half.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

Yes, I got it. And then just last on product development, do the network -- in the past, you've talked about sort of network certifications for your products and the costs associated therewith, does that go through product development or is some of that capitalized?

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

I'm going to let Steve fill that question. Product certifications as far as the accounting of expense versus capitalization.

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

How that will be expensed and it will be running about $1 million a piece.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Per carrier, sir. The good news is, we're not having to redo the products. It's literally certification because the bands are on the universal platform.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

Got it. And next of that, that would go through the product development line?

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Yes.

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

Okay. Great. Thank you.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks Mike.

Operator

This concludes our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Dan Mondor, Chairman and CEO, for any closing remarks.

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, operator. So thank you all for joining us today. I greatly appreciate your attention and questions, and before we wrap up the call, I just want to let you know a couple of things, we'll be at the 31st Annual ROTH Conference in a couple of weeks. And at the Cowen 47th Annual Media and Telecom Conference in May. Also, you'll see us at the Big 5G Conference in Denver in May, followed by the 5G World Conference in London in June. I look forward to seeing many of you at these events and continuing the conversation on Inseego's transformation. Thanks again.

Operator

The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.

Duration: 53 minutes

Call participants:

Dan Mondor -- Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Steve Smith -- Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Mike Walkley -- Canaccord Genuity -- Analyst

Scott Searle -- Roth Capital -- Analyst

Mike Latimore -- Northland Capital Markets -- Analyst

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