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Electricity sales totaled 234 gigawatt hours in the quarter and was essentially flat relative to Q4. Our Q1 electricity sales benefited from strong pulp production and a full quarter's contribution from the Peace River mill. I remind everyone that the energy sales and related statistics from our Cariboo pulp joint venture are not included in these figures because our joint venture is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Inclusion of the Cariboo statistics would add another 12 gigawatt hours of sales. On the wood product side of our business, we sold the equivalent of about 109 million board feet of lumber in the quarter with about 28% of this volume being sold to the U.S. market.

Our lumber sales were up 8 million board feet from Q4 due to slightly higher production levels as we continue to see the benefit of our phase 1 of our Friesau mill expansion project. We reported net income of $51.6 million in the quarter or $0.78 per diluted share compared to net income of $45 million or $0.68 per diluted share in Q4. Our strong EBITDA performance led to the generation of about $42 million of cash from operations in the quarter compared to $64 million in Q4. The slightly lower level of cash generation reflects a high level of accounts receivable at the end of Q1, as much of our business was transacted late in the quarter. Our expectation is that this timing anomaly will reverse in Q2 and we will begin to see a corresponding working capital reduction. We also invested about $20 million in our mills this quarter. As noted in previous calls, we have got a fairly heavy capital expenditure plan in 2019. And David will talk more about this in a moment.

Our leverage remains at an efficient level and on a trailing 12-month basis, our net debt is down to two times EBITDA. Last quarter, we put a new EUR200 million revolving credit facility in place in Germany. This unsecured facility replaced all the previous existing secured German mill revolvers and has a much lower margin. As an extension of this facility, in Q1 we implemented a cash pooling mechanism for our German entities that will reduce our borrowing slightly and as a result moderately reduce our interest expense. For those of you follow our balance sheet closely, you'll have noticed that we've implemented the new U.S. GAAP leasing standard. This new standard does not change our financial results, but we now have an operating lease assets and a corresponding operating lease liabilities elements on our balance sheet, each totaling $14.6 million at the end of Q1. The vast majority of these relate to land leases used for sandalwood plantations as part of our Santanol sandalwood oil business. And you will have seen from our press release yesterday, our Board has approved a 10% increase in our quarterly dividend bringing it to $13.75 per share for shareholders of record on June 24th for which payment will be made on July 3rd, 2019. In addition yesterday our Board has approved a share buyback program for up to $50 million that we expect to begin to implement in Q2.

That is my overview of the financial results. I'll now turn the call over to David.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks Dave and good morning everyone. As Dave mentioned at the beginning, we're very pleased with our record Q1 performance. It's very gratifying to see the benefits of our long-term value adding strategy taking shape and as a reminder the key pillars of that strategy are maintenance of modern world class assets, acquisitions, and organic growth in adjacent businesses and spaces where we have core competencies, prudent management of the balance sheet, all while maintaining the highest standard of safety and sustainability.

Our strategic focus on our assets has allowed us to achieve solid production and record quarterly EBITDA and is driving our enhanced capital expenditure plan in 2019. We will continue to invest in our mills with more than half of our investment being in high return projects, with remainder focused on asset maintenance supporting mill reliability. Some of the projects planned include Phase 2 of Friesau sawmill upgrade. The second phase includes a new cleaner mill, more efficient kilns and improved lumber sorting, which will allow us to increase volumes and significantly improve product values.

Celgar will see productivity improvements through a debottlenecking project on its pulp packaging line. We'll also build a turpentine extraction plant at Celgar that generates turpentine sales and chemical cost savings.

In Germany, we have commenced construction through long-term capital lease arrangements of another 300 high efficiency rail cars. The majority of which will be operational this year, as well as many smaller targeted strategic investments. Many of our capital projects also have benefits that reduce our environmental footprint. We are completing projects at both stand-alone Rosenthal that had their origins in the wastewater offset program. And I'll remind listeners that in three-year cycles, we can benefit from approximately EUR18 million of wastewater fee offsets through strategic capital projects that lower wastewater emissions. We've also applied for and received $6 million in grant money from the Alberta provincial government to support several emission reducing projects at our Peace River mill. Our ambitious capital program will be financed with cash from operations, leaving our strong balance sheet intact and a firm foundation for further growth. Our mills ran very well in Q1. We produced a record 539,000 tons of pulp and a record 583 gigawatt hours of power. We're also pleased with the wood products segment performance this quarter. We've produced almost 111 million of board feet of lumber in the quarter. In addition to the $3.5 million of EBITDA generated from our wood products segment in Q1, the Friesau sawmill allowed us to achieve roughly $3 million of synergies this quarter, the majority of which resulted from reduced wood chip costs for the Rosenthal pulp mill.

Turning to our markets, European NBSK pulp market demand was fairly steady through Q1, but weak paper demand and weakness in China resulted in price erosion in Europe and the U.S. European list prices in Q1 averaged $1,105 per ton compared to $1,205 in Q4. April's European list price is about a $1,070 per ton. In China, the Q1 average NBSK price was $710 per ton which was down from $805 per ton in Q4. We believe the Chinese market price is near the bottom.

The average Q1 hardwood list price in China was $687 per ton, down $76 from Q4. And the hardwood list price in the U.S. market market averaged $1,180 per ton in Q1, compared to $1,213 in Q4. During Q1, many factors including macroeconomic indicators, the U.S. China trade dispute and pulp inventory levels created uncertainty and negatively affected pulp prices in all markets.

NBSK demand benefited from the unusually small premium against hardwood grades, but buyers in Europe and the U.S. have had some success leveraging down prices due to the low prices in China. On the hardwood side, significant producer inventories created an incentive for buyers to limit purchases and hope a future pricing concessions. However, that situation is beginning to reverse as we're now seeing larger paper purchasers starting to restock late in the quarter.

Looking ahead to Q2, we expect markets to remain essentially flat to slightly negative as inventories continue to shift. We expect pricing momentum to improve in the second half of 2019 as a result of economic growth in China, being spurred on by government stimulus and the fall pulp producer maintenance schedule which will take large amounts of production offline. Looking further ahead, we continue to believe that steady demand combined with the absence of new capacity will exert upward pressure on prices.

Lumber markets in the U.S. started to rebound late in Q4 as many British Columbian suppliers announced curtailments as a result of poor markets and limited sawlog supply. However, general economic uncertainty and weak housing data have stalled that momentum. The Random Lengths U.S. benchmark for Western S-P-F #2 and Better averaged $373 per 1,000 board feet in Q1, compared to $327 in Q4. Today the benchmark is close to the Q4 average price. It's clear that today's low prices are not sustainable, especially considering recent supply curtailments announced coming out of Western Canada. We believe the curtailment announcements along with expected demand from the spring building season has yet to be -- has yet to materialize due to poor weather and will eventually create upward pricing momentum in Q2.

In Q1, about 28% percent of our lumber sales volume was sold in the U.S. market with the majority of the remainder of our sales in the European market. Despite the recent price softening in the U.S., the European lumber market has continued to experience steady demand with pricing down roughly 15% on average from the peaks in 2018. Q1 compared to Q4, our average realized sales price dropped slightly to $359 per 1,000 board feet to in Q1 -- board feet in Q1 compared to $369 in Q4. In Germany, storm and beetle damaged wood remains plentiful and is resulting in lower log costs generally. In Western Canada, pulpwood supply continues to be tight as sawmills have been curtailing production which is limiting the volume of sawmill chips that are available. Looking forward, we we expect our overall wood cost to continue to trend down as a result of the lower European costs.

In 2019, we expect to have 115 planned shut days with the majority planned for the second half of 2019. At Rosenthal, we'll take a 10-day shut in Q3. At Stendal, we'll take a 13- day shut in Q4. At Celgar, we'll take a 22-day shut in Q4, not only for annual maintenance but also to do some important productivity improvements throughout the mill, including a packaging line upgrade. At Peace River, we will take an extended two months shut that will straddle Q3 and Q4 to complete the rebuild of our recovery boiler. All of the capital costs of the rebuild will be covered by our property insurance and about half of the lost production will be covered by our business interruption insurance. And our Cariboo joint venture mill will take a 12-day annual maintenance shut in Q2. We expect this shut will reduce our portion of the mill's production by about 6,000 tons. The integration of Peace River and Cariboo pulp mills is progressing well. I'm very pleased with how Mercer's Safety Program is being received, and we're progressing well on our identified synergies. We still expect between $15 million and $20 million of annual synergies. In Q1, we achieved about $2 million, but we expect them to ramp up over next year-and-a-half. In addition, we've had further growth aspirations that we will continue to take a disciplined approach. Any opportunity we consider would be framed by Mercer's core competencies in pulp and lumber production, wood derivatives and bio extractors as well as in green energy. Our core competencies will continue to drive long-term value creation for shareholders. As Dave mentioned yesterday, we announced our Board has approved a 10% increase in our quarterly dividend. This increase reflects our deep commitment to the dividend and is well supported by the strength of our balance sheet and our steady cash flow generation.

Also as previously mentioned, our Board has approved a $50 million share buyback program that we expect to begin to implement in Q2. I want to talk about this now considering our previous hesitancy to implement share buybacks. Underpinning our decision are two main points. One, we are very confident that our long-term value creation strategy that focuses on high performing people and assets will deliver significant value to shareholders. And two, our confidence in the medium and long-term market fundamentals for pulp, lumber and extractors.

These led us to the conclusion that we could accelerate shareholder value creation by making an opportunistic investment in ourselves, and I should also be clear this targeted investment will not impact our future growth or CapEx plans in any way. Thanks for listening, and I'm looking forward to your questions. We'll now turn the call back to the operator so she can open the call. Thanks again.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Your first question comes from Hamir Patel from CIBC Capital Markets.

Hamir Patel -- CIBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

David, how much beetle and storm wood is there to still get work through in Germany? I'm just trying to get a sense as to how long your fiber costs could stay low in Europe?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Hi, Hamir. Well it's, I mean it's going to be all of this year for sure, possibly well into next year. Part of the answer will depend on what happens this summer. But expectations are that and experienced to date are such that you know there is a lot less water that's a lot less rainfall than there traditionally is. So I think there's a fair degree of alignment among the foresters that we could have another another summer like last summer.

So it's the -- yeah, the spruce log costs are down a lot and are expected to stay down and probably continued to decline further.

Hamir Patel -- CIBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

And David you mentioned that that the lumber prices in Europe are down 15% on average from the peak. How does that maybe differ within some of the regional markets? I imagine that Germany would be down even more with the with the low fiber cost. But how does you know maybe markets like Scandinavia share?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, not really -- can't really take the time to go through market-by-market. You know what's behind my comment, I look at the sort of the three main products that we produce outside of the dimensional markets such as KDH, (inaudible 0:00:22) and packaging grades, quite a bit of green. And each market really has its own dynamic in lot of ways. The German market as you say is really heavily influenced by log cost. You know the guys buying lumber see log cost going down, they expect lumber prices to go down a bit. To this point in time, log costs have fallen further than lumber prices. But we also have that grade, you know the value that is more off grade with the type of logs that we're able to get.

So that it's, it's a little sort of, it's a weaker situation from a profitability point of view. But as you saw in our results, not terrible.

Hamir Patel -- CIBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Great, thanks for that. That's helpful. And David, one of your Canadian peers recently indicated they're going to switch back the 12-month maintenance cycles from 18-months. Can you remind us what are the major maintenance cycles at your various mills and how do you think about timing of those?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah but we still do 18 at Stendal, and that works fine for us. But at our other mills, we're on 12, and I think we're going to stay there. You need to you know the older mills you need to get in and do your inspections and make sure you're staying on top of everything, and we just -- we don't like the risk of going too long with some of the older pieces of equipment. Like we have the modern mills but they are -- you know once you start getting up over 10 or 15 years, you I think annuals -- I think an annual shut is a way to go.

Hamir Patel -- CIBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Fair enough thanks. That's all I had. I'll turn it over.

Operator

Your next question comes from Sean Steuart from TD Securities.

Sean Steuart -- TD Securities -- Analyst

Thanks. Good morning guys. Few questions. Pulp markets to start with. You mentioned that it feels like the market in China is settling out and David I'm just hoping you can reconcile that with what looks to be still relatively high mill inventories and another buyer inventories in Europe are still elevated as well. What are you seeing, what are you guys seeing on the ground in China in terms of inventories there that gives you confidence that market is settling?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Oh it's, I mean pulp is really starting to move in China. The mood in China is a lot better than it was three or four months ago. There's you know there's economic stimulus programs going on, things like you know 3% reduction in the VAT rate, income tax reductions going down, lots of positive messaging around small medium enterprise. You know organization is being supported. So, the mood is better. There is on the hard -- there's a lot of -- the big chunk of inventory is on the hardwood side, but the majors are holding the line on price it seems. So, you know it doesn't look like that price is going to crack further. And if that's the case, then softwood will hold pretty steady. And you know the buyers think the price is going to be lower than they hold off. If they think they hit the floor then they start to buy. And that's what they're doing. I mean you know everybody's getting normal volumes and we're working our way through the inventory.

And I see generally this condition continuing through to the end of the summer. Sean I don't, I don't see a catalyst for a big upsurge obviously with the inventory there, but we're seeing the inventory coming down and you know consumption is happening at a good pace. So I think we'll work through it and then in the back half of the year, you know there's a -- particularly in Europe, there's a lot of maintenance. It's all back end loaded this year in Europe. There's the spring maintenance in Canada. But for Europe, it's almost all back end second half of the year. You combine that with some of the other conversions that are going like Valdivia, Enocell, couple of Stora Enso mills. And you know we're going to -- I think we'll see things tighten up fairly quickly following the summer.

Sean Steuart -- TD Securities -- Analyst

Does it -- by your math does it look like we'll see net capacity reductions globally in NBSK next year with these conversions?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, sure.

Sean Steuart -- TD Securities -- Analyst

The second question is capital allocation I suppose, I mean it seems like the mid-term priority is returning more capital, shareholders and the various discretionary CapEx initiatives you've laid out. Is there a point at which you guys start to refocus on potential M&A opportunities would scale over the longer term? Would you be comfortable looking at and when does your mind maybe get around those types of larger initiatives again?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Well I mean it's lot of different things to think about and all that. One of the -- I mean what's driving us I think is a recognition that there is some liquidity discount in our stock. We feel it would be really important to be bigger. But having said that we want to always maintain our culture and our execution excellence and all those kind of things. So we're gonna take it a step at a time and be disciplined. Sometimes value expectations of others are too high for us. We don't make any, will create any value by paying too much for things. And we've been trading at a fairly low EBITDA multiple relative to what we consider to be our inherent value. So we're not prepared to use our equity as consideration on acquisitions. So that's a limiting factor. But I think as the market starts to appreciate more, our platform and the fundamentals in pulp and lumber for the medium and longer term, those conditions could change. And we'll have more opportunity to execute on M&A. But we always have lots we're working on and looking at and thinking about, but we have to be balanced and keep all of these factors in our mind.

Sean Steuart -- TD Securities -- Analyst

Got it. That's all I have for now. Thanks.

Operator

Your next question comes from DeForest Hinman from Walthausen & Company.

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

Hi, thanks for taking my questions. As a person and firm, that's been involved and coming for very long time, I think the share repurchase authorization is a good decision from the Board. It'll be appreciated by shareholders as well. And I think as part of your toolbox in terms of capital deployment, it's something good to have and then hopefully we can execute on it. Digging a little further into capital deployment, can you help us think about how you're looking at your bonds? Some of them are callable I believe, not at huge premiums. Any other thoughts you have on that cash balance?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes. Well I think that we're always thinking about what's the right timing on the bonds. And we've got $100 million of 2022s out there, so that's obviously on our radar screen. We don't want to pay too much of a premium to to get them back. So there's no rush. There's also as interest rates. The environment changes over time and there may be an opportunity to refinance some of our bonds with some M&A activity that we might do in the future. And so that would be on the table as well. So we're just no specific strategy to enunciate here other than maintaining a strong balance sheet and good duration on our debt is important. And we'll always keep that in mind.

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

And then turn on the M&A front. Can you help us understand the focus area there? Is it pulp? Is it lumber derivative chemicals? Where is the focus right now?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

For sure they're all open for us. We're delighted with the DMI acquisition of two pulp mills both hardwood and softwood. (inaudible 0:01:11) being a swing mill. We're delighted with our Friesau acquisition and the value we're able to create by implementing some strategic capital investments there. Similarly, very pleased with our investment in Western Australia in sandalwood, in expanding our extractives business and tying into that our investments in our own mills for things like methanol extraction and turpentine extraction and so on. So we look at all these areas and we expand in a disciplined way, targeting investments that won't tax the balance sheet, require us to pay too much for them, create a way for us to create shareholder value. And so it's, so we're digging around in all the areas and looking at different opportunities all the time and could be -- next step could be any one of them.

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you. And then on the SG&A number, I'm just trying to get my math right. It was a little bit higher in the fourth quarter, actually stepped down sequentially and we had a full quarter of DMI expense load. Is that some of the synergy gains, is that a (inaudible 0:02:46) movement, is that the new run rate going forward? Is it a $17 million to $18 million range for the remainder of the year?

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Yeah. I think that's going to be pretty close or so we get a little bit of bumpiness there. So -- and some of it has to do with stock compensation. So part of our compensation is stock and it has a relationship to the price. So there's, there's adjustments to stock comp expense when there is a price change in the stocks. So if it moves quite a bit you see a little bit of bumpiness in the G&A. So quarter-over-quarter it was broadly putting in the DMI, adding the DMI G&A, and then there was a reduction because the stock price was a little bit lower through the, through the period.

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

Okay and then just help my understanding on the moving parts, with pricing down what it sounds like costs coming down and then realizing there's some work in process and there's some chip and log inventory on the balance sheet. Does the margin outlook anyway you want to describe it gross margin or gross operating profit or EBITDA margin, is that outlook better or worse in the second quarter than the first quarter?

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Well I think, I think the only material change in the margin is going to be the pricing. So the mill net, so depending on your view of pulp pricing, that'll be the -- that'll be the biggest contributor to the change in margin. The rest of the cost structure should be pretty, that should be pretty quiet. Although as David mentioned, we're still seeing -- still seeing a little bit of getting a bit of downward pressure on fiber costs in Europe. But other than that ,the margin is about price whatever your view on price and foreign exchange is.

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you for taking my questions.

Operator

Your next question comes from Adam Zirkin from Knighthead.

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Adam are you there?

Operator

We are experiencing some technical difficulties. Please hold. Go ahead, Mr. Zirkin.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Great. David, can you hear me?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hear you. Yes hi, Adam.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Perfect. So first of all just congratulations on a really exceptional quarter in a tough environment. Frankly, I think this will go down, we'll following this for probably a decade and this will go down as one of the more significant ones. So really, really great job. A couple of questions for you. Number one, what's your sense of how your pulp competitors are faring right now? You spoke about the lumber guys and I asked because you know if you had told me you know that inventories were at 37 days and asked me what the price was, I would have thought it would be lower than it was today. Right? So what do you see as the fundamental sort of cost curve based supports at these levels and how are they function?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, I think we've still got a pretty steep cost curve, you know in both grades. We've got quite a bit more consolidation on the hardwood side, which I think is a contributing factor to what we're experiencing today. In that it seems to be a higher floor than what would traditionally be the case. So for our peers, yes, it's hard to generalize. We have competitive peers and we have a lot of peers that have a much higher cost structure than we do, and you also have to take into account the timing of maintenance shuts between all the different companies as well. So, but look you know the prices at these levels are you know they're not what they were a year ago but they're still, they're still healthy prices for us.

And you know when you take all of our competitive advantages to consideration, you know we'll continue to do quite well I believe. And that's really what was behind our thinking on the share buyback and increasing the dividend, and we wanted to express our confidence in that view.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

No. I think that, I think that makes a lot of sense. I guess I'm wondering do you believe that there are guys out there at these prices who are struggling?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well some are but for different reasons. You know I think you know some don't have access to fiber the way we do, and maybe you know having to make heroic decisions to keep their mills running, even despite they just haven't -- you know not everybody who's got the logistics and the innovative activities necessary to do it, to make it happen. So, see I think there's some mills that are really, really struggling. And I also know that some of the mills are getting to an age where their issues are pretty big and gets harder and harder for them to address those issues as time goes on. So I also-no, we haven't really seen any big supply disruptions yet this year. I think the first quarter everybody ran successfully. So unlike last year or the year before when we started to see some fairly significant upsets. That hasn't happened yet. But I'm kind of of the view that we will see some more and more of that as time goes on.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Got it. Can you talk a little bit about the the scope of the fiber opportunity in Europe? You mentioned in the capital plan that you're taking on another 300 railcars. Perhaps I should know this because you just let me know the total anticipated size of that opportunity and for lack of a better phrase what ending of that you're in?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, we're well into it. It's not as though cost reduction. We can move roughly 40% more on wood on the same length of train if you have modern reserve railcars compared to what you would otherwise rent or lease from a Deutsche Bahn or other entities. So there's a cost saving, but there's also the strategic potential that they create for us. So we can bring wood in from a long way away. We can go Eastern Poland, Eastern Czechs, we've got all the Baltics that can feed into ports in Northern Germany. We have what we call satellite yards, so we are accumulating more and more rail holding places. These are sightings where you can locally buy wood from markets that we wouldn't have previously tapped into and then have the local operators bring the wood to that location. It's a storage facility and then we load it on a railcar, on a train when we're ready. So we've just got lots of different strategic advantages to having that kind of horsepower around. And the net result is -- there's less pressure on the fiber basket in our traditional procurement areas because we're able to import into our operating region that we wouldn't have otherwise been able to do economically. So I think it's a really big strategic advantage for us and something we're continuing to further develop.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Got it. And then lastly just on the capital return, obviously you know we've been talking about it for a long time so obviously and I think it's the right decision. But I'm curious. Was that decision made to the exclusion of anything, any large capital projects or other stuff that you guys sort of had on the drawing board for the short-term or is it something that you sort of intended just weave into the longer term capital allocation strategy of the company?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah as I said in my comments, it doesn't in no way changes our enthusiasm for you know the organic or external growth opportunities. It's something we can afford comfortably. And it's you know I just think it's a really important statement for us to make that you know pay attention to the changing conditions in this world. Fiber scarcity is going to come and we still have access to tremendous fiber baskets with great mills and all of the strategic wherewithal to make it happen in a profitable way for ourselves.

So, we just wanted to make that statement that you know we are here to create shareholder value. And this is something we can do, and it doesn't really change anything else for us operationally.

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you very much. I appreciate it. Congratulations again.

Operator

Your next question comes from Paul Quinn from RBC Capital Markets.

Paul Quinn -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Yeah. Thanks very much. Good morning, David and David. Hey, I understand wood costs are coming down in 2019 here, but maybe you can just talk a little bit about wood availability in B.C. given that we expect some saw mills to be rationalized over time, and then you know in terms of -- give us an idea of a percent log chipping versus percent residual on what you see with those relative percentages going forward.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay. Well you're you're right. In B.C., there maybe for some of the listeners to think about what's happened. So there's been a pine beetle issue, and there's been a lot of saw milling capacity built up to process that incremental volume that was going to be available for a period of time. And now that incremental volume is starting to diminish, you know everybody is expecting you know and it has been and there will continue to be some rationalization of that capacity that was put in place to deal with it.

We're also in a short term period here where you know the weather has just been so rough for builders, and I think there's been some you know maybe confidence issues perhaps, increased costs that have impact housing starts and a bunch of issues that have just resulted in at a much slower building season so far this year. So there's no sawmills around British Columbia or curtailing for market reasons. Log cost is still high. Lumber prices are low. So the whole dynamic is pretty challenging for everybody. Where we are in the Kootenays. You know we're in a green forest. We don't really have much pine in our region. We've tended to opportunistically go after the pine. We could go north up past Revelstoke, buy in the Okanagan and float it down the Arrow Lakes which is a 160 mile highway to the mill if you like at the Columbia River. We've been very innovative over all these years, focusing on round wood programs because we see a lot of waste in that in the B.C. processing. There's just the way the forest management regime has been there. There's sawloggers have tended to leave quite a bit of round wood behind when they're harvesting for sawlogs, and we've participated in a lot of the policy development and demonstrated that economically we can bring it out. And it's economic fiber for us. So you're not going to see much fiber cost inflation from us. I think we've got access to lots of wood and it's a little bit higher than it would be if it was sawmill residuals just flooding at the mill from a healthy lumber market. But we're in pretty good shape, relative to perhaps some others. I think if you look at coastal British Columbia, the fiber cost there would be a lot higher than what we're dealing with in the Kootenays. I think up north, their costs have risen from the point prospective that they are having to move into round good programs maybe more heavily than they're used to doing, and they haven't fully rationalized. At least that's my view. They haven't really figured out how to bring in round wood a really cost competitive way. You have to put some energy into it and put some capital in place. And so I think the guys up north can do a lot better and they probably will as time goes on. So I guess summarizing it all, I'd say we're at a point in time where some mills are struggling. We're paying more for fiber than we would like to but it's not terrible and it's pretty well contained and I'm not expecting it to increase a whole bunch. And then over time, there's lots of wood in British Columbia. I don't see pulp mills curtailing for lack of fire really. I just think, I just think some of the guys in the industry need to put a little more effort into innovation. But there's lots of wood around there.

Paul Quinn -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Thanks. Thanks for that. And some of the share buyback. I mean you guys have been hesitant to do that in the past. Part of that is related to just the liquidity of your shares in the marketplace. Is there, is stops in place to make sure there's enough liquidity i.e. you know how much you can buy, is there a limit on that?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well we sized it at at at 50 million as you can see and that's a level we're comfortable with. And we'll put it in our tranches. This is normal work for us to implement it. But I'm not worried about liquidity from the share buyback or we wouldn't do it so.

Paul Quinn -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Okay and then to just -- well new for you mill up in Peace River area, and you know there's saw millers and others who's been affected by the mitigation strategies around Caribou, just wondering if you could address that whether there's any kind of long term issues on the fiber supply for that facility?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

No not -- I mean Caribou is a species at risk issue that is concerning for all of us. Our FMA, our Forest Management Area is so large that we'll be fine. This is, this is going to require some management attention obviously, but it's not going to fundamentally change anything in terms of our access to wood or what we're going to have to pay for it. We have -- the size of the FMA gives us optionality, and we've always had an ecological-based forest management approach in Alberta. And I'd say the role we I mean DMI before us, they had a really strong team and I think they did it right. They've been focusing on Caribou, Kudus and you know managing the landscape in a way that replicates what nature would do. You know like if you had a forest fire for example in the (inaudible 0:02:17), you'd have a patchwork of burned areas and green areas and it'll look a bit like a mosaic. And that's the way we've always harvested.

And we close off haul roads and create speed bumps for wolves and things like that. We've done all the things right. You know I don't, you know I just don't think that anything that we're doing is exacerbating the issue for the Caribou. And but we will continue to do the right things. And as I say if we just step away from one area and move to another, it's not a big deal like we've just got lots of options.

Paul Quinn -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

All right thanks for that. Congratulations on the record quarter. Best of luck with another quarter.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay, thank you Paul.

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Your next question comes from Dan Jacome from Sidoti & Company.

Daniel Jacome -- Sidoti & Company -- Analyst

Can you hear me?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hear you, Dan. Hello.

Daniel Jacome -- Sidoti & Company -- Analyst

Yes, hi, good morning. Kudos on the quarter for sure with the dividend buyback and the earnings, seems like almost a hat trick. This was a hockey game. Just one question sort of to satisfy my curiosity on the beauty of the timber and wood product coming out of (inaudible 0:00:52). In the last six months, have you guys seen any difference in the end market EU versus U.S.? Just high level, how lumber is customized? I think when you first entered the timber lumber business, you noted that the EU is a little bit more focused on kind of robust finishing and then in the U.S. if I'm not mistaken the lumber tends to be more typically standardized. Have you seen any changes and if you have, how is your capacity unique and production efficiency adapting to this market? That was it for me really.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay, Dan. Well maybe just the character of the two markets in the European and the U.S. markets are quite different. The European market tends to be much more stable, less volatile. Many, many different types of products, not just whereas a U.S. market tends to be a dimensional lumber market for construction. There are other products obviously but the big driver is the dimensional market and that's similar to the UK market also, smaller obviously and then Japan. But in Europe, we make many, many different products for lots of different reasons, and some of the big grades I mentioned earlier are KVH, which is a construction beam that's finger jointed. It can be made into any length. So we're providing a product to somebody else who's adding value to it, and they've got their customers and their view of price is really inform mostly about what they think our log costs are. Pretty steady market, steady demand, steady supply, and prices is really related to our cost structure. So that's the same for CLP products and it's the same for a lot of the packaging grades and other things. So no change to our strategy. I've always said that you know we commit about 25% of (inaudible 0:02:56) to the U.S. market, I think over a cycle and that market will perform very well for us. I really like the fundamentals of lumber. I mean it doesn't feel like it just the moment when you look at the curtailments and you know some of the guys in Canada are suffering from higher log costs, so that you know it's not a lot of good news coming out of there, out of the peers. But I think that the medium to long term fundamentals for lumber feel really good to me. And and so want to be in that U.S. market to capture those margins as they come. Also, you know we're developing quite a successful follow-up in Japan which is a dimension product but it's a very high quality lumber product with higher margins, if you can make the grade and develop those relationships to service the market.

So we're going to continue that strategy, 25% U.S., 10% Japan and the rest sticking to Europe and possibly bits to the other you know Europe has a lot of different markets obviously but just generally speaking that would be how we break it down.

Daniel Jacome -- Sidoti & Company -- Analyst

No, it's very helpful. I totally forgot that you are in the Japan market. What is it like over there? Is they closer to the U.S. market or more like the EU market in terms of standardized versus more customized?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

It's not it's not as volatile, simply because not everybody can service it. You have to -- and it's a relationship market as well. You have to, you have to earn your right to play there. You have to produce a high quality product consistently. The service has to be right on point, and it takes a while to build up that relationship. And so, it's a less volatile market than the U.S. which is lumber and railcar down the track and guys taking positions on it, if you know what I mean,.

Daniel Jacome -- Sidoti & Company -- Analyst

Okay. That's terrific. Thank you very much.

Operator

Your next question comes from Frank Duplak from Prudential.

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

Good morning guys. I'm just curious, maybe I missed it. Have you guys sort of given a range of what CapEx might be for 2019, you said maybe a little more aggressive this year. Can you give us some free range around that please?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah I can. Yes sure including carryovers from last year and you know approvals from this year, you know we'll spend somewhere around $150 million to $170 million in the year on a whole variety of different things, half of which, half of that would be high return and the other half would be what we call maintenance. But maintenance business does include usually cost savings both on the maintenance side but also energy and chemical usage and other other efficiency savings as well.

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

So we see a material bump up in the right next quarter because I mean obviously we in first quarter wouldn't get you there if you annualize it. When do we expect to see really the pace of that pickup?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

I would think it's going to be pretty steady through the rest of the year and obviously it will be higher than it was in the first quarter.

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

So maybe $40 million or $50 million a quarter for the rest of this year, makes sense?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Just let me have a look there.

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Might be a heavier, a little bit heavier to the second half because some of these projects are completed during the shutdowns. And as David was mentioning, most of our maintenance shuts are in the second half of the year.

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

And then if you had to look out into 2020, is this kind of a one-year event or do you think will be elevated CapEx now for a longer period of time? Just curious.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. No this is not run rate CapEx. This is a strategic capital that we're putting in place to as part of our strategy to invest in our assets so that they're reliable and they can produce the results that we expect. We don't need to keep doing this every year. Once we get through this, there'll be no opportunities to significantly reduce the amount we spend. But there's also there continues to be projects available to us that are very attractive, that increase our volumes. I've talked about those in the past, and we're continuing to work on some of those. You know if we can increase the productive capacity of a mill with a three or better year payback. We are hoping to have some project announcements down the road. That's in our organic growth strategy.

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

Thank you.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hello Cindy. Are there any more questions? Hello Cindy?

Operator

Your next question comes from Tony Grace.

Tony Grace -- -- Analyst

Hey, good morning everyone. Just three quick questions for me. Just follow up on the CapEx guidance. Is that gross or net of insurance recoveries for the NPR project?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well that's gross, not net.

Tony Grace -- -- Analyst

Okay, thanks. And then maybe I should production by mill too?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

David you want to address that.

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Yeah we -- sure you recall we talked about this a little bit last quarter and we made the determination that we wouldn't be disclosing those detailed shipments and production numbers by mill. We sort of looked at our what our peers are doing, and now that we're a much larger company than we were last year, we've made the decision to not do that disclosure. But I would say that I think for us you'll find that our production is pretty consistent as long as you have, you understand what the the shut schedule is and that's why we we go to considerable effort to make sure that we disclose when the mills are shutting down and particularly the number of days. And if you can understand the shut schedule, you'll generally get pretty close on our, on our productivity numbers.

Tony Grace -- -- Analyst

Okay. That's fair. Thanks for a clarification. And then last one from me. Could you maybe size the turpentine opportunity at Celgar and is it something you can do in addition to crude oil refining or are these properties initial exclusive?

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Well they're exclusive. So the two things, well first of all the size. So the the capital investment for the turpentine plant will be about $3.5 million. The project itself will generate just around a two-year payback, and there's two things that will happen. We'll have turpentine to sell, but we'll also have reduced chemical costs by -- you know turpentine in the bleach plant require, drives the chemical costs up. So by extracting it, pulling it out, we'll be, we'll have more efficient chemical usage downstream. So it's not huge. We do this in the Rosenthal and Stendal. And it's just a bolt on technology that's well proven and generate roughly $2 million to $2.5 million, or maybe $2 million sales a year on turpentine.

Tony Grace -- -- Analyst

Okay great. Thanks for the color. And again great quarter. Thanks, guys.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you.

Operator

I'll now turn the call back over to the speakers for further comment after we have, we have a question from Graham Withe. He's a private investor.

Graham Withe -- Private Investor -- Analyst

Good morning, David. My question actually has been answered. It was to do with buyback share versus debt buyback and why share buyback, but you've covered it very well during the meeting. Thank you.

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Graham. Okay. Well thank you everyone for joining the call. As always Dave and I are happy to take calls anytime. So don't hesitate to reach out to us. And feeling that, we'll look forward to speaking to you again on our next earnings call in August. So, bye for now.

Operator

This concludes today's conference you may now disconnect.

Duration: 60 minutes

Call participants:

David Ure -- Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

David Gandossi -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hamir Patel -- CIBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Sean Steuart -- TD Securities -- Analyst

DeForest Hinman -- Walthausen & Co. -- Analyst

Adam Zirkin -- Knighthead Capital Management -- Analyst

Paul Quinn -- RBC Capital Markets -- Analyst

Daniel Jacome -- Sidoti & Company -- Analyst

Frank Duplak -- Prudential -- Analyst

Tony Grace -- -- Analyst

Graham Withe -- Private Investor -- Analyst

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