Avinash Reddy
Thank you, Stu. Excluding the impact of the previously mentioned legacy Bridgehampton National Bank pension plan termination, adjusted EPS was $0.57 per share. This represents a 36% linked-quarter increase and a 50% year-over-year increase.
The reported NIM increased by 16 basis points and the NIM, excluding purchase accounting accretion, increased by 19 basis points to 2.94%. NIM expansion was driven by a significant reduction in our cost of deposits. We did have around three to four basis points of prepayment fees in the first quarter NIM. Excluding prepayment fees and purchase accounting, the NIM would have been around 2.90% for the first quarter.
Non-brokered deposits were up approximately $65 million at March 31st versus year-end levels. As I mentioned on our fourth quarter earnings call, year-end 2024 deposits were inflated by approximately $200 million of title company-related deposits that were tied to a closing that left the bank in early January.
Said differently, we grew non-brokered deposits by approximately $250 million this quarter versus year-end levels if you exclude the title company deposits from year-end totals.
We continue to manage expenses prudently. Core cash operating expenses for the first quarter, excluding intangible amortization was $57.9 million. Non-core items for the first quarter included $7 million related to the previously disclosed termination of a legacy pension plan, which is now effectively complete.
Non-interest income of $9.6 million for the first quarter reflected the full quarter impact of the BOLI repositioning transaction. We had a $9.6 million credit loss provision for the quarter. Net charge-offs to average loans decreased to 26 basis points and the allowance to loans increased to 83 basis points.
Capital levels continue to grow and our common equity Tier 1 ratio increased to 11.1% and our total capital ratio grew to 15.7%. Having best-in-class capital ratios versus our local peer group allows us to take advantage of opportunities as they arise, and it speaks to Dime's strength and our ability to service our growing customer base.
Next, I'll provide some thoughts on guidance for the remainder of 2025. As I mentioned previously, we had approximately three to four basis points of prepayment fee income in the first quarter NIM. Excluding this and purchase accounting accretion, the base NIM for the first quarter was closer to 2.90%. We would use this as a starting point for modeling going forward as we don't expect the prepayment fees to repeat in that size in the coming quarter.
We expect the second quarter NIM to remain range bound within a plus or minus 3 basis point range of the 290 base NIM. While we don't have a lot of low-yielding repricing assets in the second quarter, starting in the second half of 2025, we have a meaningful increase in repricing assets and expect margin expansion to resume in the second half of the year.
To give you a sense of the significant back book repricing opportunity in our adjustable and fixed rate loan portfolios, in the second half of 2025 and the full year 2026, we have $1.95 billion of adjustable and fixed rate loans across the loan portfolio at a weighted average rate of 4% that either reprice or mature in that time frame.
Assuming a 225 basis point spread on those loans over the forward five-year treasury, we could see a 35 basis point increase in NIM from the repricing of these loans. As we look into the back book for 2027, we have another $1.75 billion of loans at a weighted average rate of 4.25% that will lead to continued NIM expansion in 2027.
Moving on to the short end of the curve. When the Federal Reserve cut short-term rates in 2024, our NIM benefited by approximately 5 basis points for each 25 basis point rate cut. Should the Federal Reserve cut rates in the second half of 2025, we expect this trend to repeat, assuming the behavior in deposits and loans hold for each subsequent rate cut and competition remains rational.
In summary, assuming the market consensus forward curve plays out, we have a path to a structurally higher NIM and enhanced earnings power over time. With respect to balance sheet growth, we expect net loans to remain relatively flat in the second quarter and growth to pick up in the back half of 2025.
In the first quarter, attrition in CRE and multifamily masked the growth in our business loan portfolio. We expect this trend to moderate towards the end of 2025. In addition, as Stu mentioned, we have several new hires who once they find their feet, will contribute to loan growth towards the end of the year.
With respect to core cash non-interest expenses, our previous full year 2025 guidance was between $234 million to $235 million. The prior guidance was based on our existing employee base at the end of 2024. Given the hires we have outlined in the press release, we are increasing our full year core cash non-interest expense guidance to $236.5 million to $237.5 million.
With that, I'll turn the call back to Shannon, and we'll be happy to take your questions.
Operator
(Operator Instructions)
Steve Moss from Raymon james.
Steve Moss
Good morning.
Stuart Lubow
Hi Steve.
Steve Moss
Hi, Stu. Maybe just starting on the loan pipeline, as you mentioned, nice pickup here relative to where it was at year-end. Just curious the underlying mix within the loan pipeline?
Avinash Reddy
The underlying mix of the loan.
Stuart Lubow
Yes. So I mean, again, it really continues the theme of C&I, owner-occupied CRE and healthcare. So at this point, we have about $350 million in C&I, approximately $185 million in owner-occupied CRE and another $250 million in healthcare. That's making up the bulk of the pipeline. We actually have about $200 million in loans approved waiting to close at a yield of about 725.
Steve Moss
Okay. Great. Appreciate that. And then you guys made a number of hires this quarter and obviously, a year ago with the Signature hires. Just curious in terms of how you're thinking about the pace of deposit growth and any updates around the cost of new deposits you guys are bringing on these days?
Avinash Reddy
Yes, Steve. So in terms of the teams, as Stu said, they're up to $1.9 billion of deposits at this point. The total cost of deposits on them, including DDA is around 210 plus or minus. So they're bringing in stuff in the low 2s. There's a very healthy mix of DDA in terms of what they're bringing in. It's around 35% to 40%.
Like I said on the last earnings call, it takes teams probably three to four years to probably reach a steady state. Most of the teams that we have is been with us probably a year to a couple of years at this point. I think on the last earnings call, Stu had mentioned that we had opened around 11,000 accounts and 7,000 customers. We've grown that now to around 12,500 accounts and 7,800 customers. So we're continuing to see steady growth in account opening as well.
Like I said in my remarks, if you exclude the title company deposits that went out at the end at the beginning of the year, we would have grown core deposits by around $250 million. So basically deposit ex brokered, we have grown them by $250 million this quarter. So Q1 is typically slow for us. Q2 starts off with tax payments as well, and then it starts picking up once we get into May, June, July time frame. So we're pretty optimistic that we've got the right channels in place to fund a lot of the loan growth that we have.
Stuart Lubow
We have. Yeah, and our pipelines are we review our deposit pipelines and our loan pipelines, and our deposit pipelines are very strong. So we're very encouraged.
Steve Moss
Okay. Great. And then just one on the credit front here. Reserve build was maybe a little bit less than I was thinking this quarter. Just kind of curious, any updated thoughts and guidance around that?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah,So I mean, Steve, we kept the CECL model relatively unchanged from year-end levels. We kind of use Moody's forecast as of March that's out there. I mean, total loans were flattish to down a little bit this quarter.
So I think it's over time, as Moody's adjust the forecast, as we close more of these C&I and business loans going forward, you'll see a natural uptick in the provision over time. Again, our medium- to longer-term target is that 90 basis points to 1% area. But overall, it's hard to predict the provision every individual quarter. Like I said, we're headed higher over time.
Steve Moss
Okay. Great. Nice quarter. Appreciate all the color here. Thanks.
Operator
Mark Fitzgibbon with Piper Sandler.
Mark Fitzgibbon
Hey, guys. Good morning.
Stuart Lubow
Hi, Mark.
Mark Fitzgibbon
Avi, it strikes me that you guys are carrying a relatively large cash balance at a little over $1 billion. Is that an opportunity for the margin as well? Do you think you could bring that cash level down over time? Is that the plan?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah,. I think that's fair, Mark. However, I think like a lot of banks that had our profile two to three years back when rates went up 500 basis points. I think we're trying to run the balance sheet for the medium to longer term and have a – have the right mix of floating rate assets and cash versus fixed rate assets.
I know we're all gearing towards the Fed cutting rates. But we also just want to keep our ALM profile in check a little bit. And I think as we start putting on loans, some of that cash will get used up and also some of the loans that we're putting on are floating rate. But in the interim, we don't want to rush out to buy securities and help the net interest income in the near-term and hinder opportunities to grow loans in the longer-term. But you're exactly right. Historically, we used to run the balance sheet with $200 million to $300 million of cash. We're running it with a multiple of that at this point.
Mark Fitzgibbon
Okay. And then on the deposit front, I know you had some purposeful runoff of the brokered deposits this quarter, I think, $137 million. Given that there isn't as much loan growth here in the first part of the year, is was there a conscious decision to kind of put your foot on the brake a little bit on deposit growth here or just some seasonal patterns?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah, no, a bit seasonal. First quarter is usually fairly weak. We have some seasonal tax receiver money as well go out. And then April is also a little weak just because of tax payments. But what we've tried to do, Mark, is really make sure that we have a keen discipline on the cost of deposits itself, right? So if there are new customers coming in at a rate in the mid-4s, we're really not taking that at this point.
We're really trying to keep it sub-4s on money market and making sure the overall cost is $225 to $250 over time, we're comfortable operating with a loan-to-deposit ratio between 90% and 95%, plus or minus. So you are right. As the loan growth picks up, we can put the pedal to the metal a little bit more on the deposit side.
Stuart Lubow
Yeah. We also purposely we can manage our municipal portfolio a little bit more. So we had a significant municipal relationship that had in excess of $400 million in deposits. They were relatively high-cost funds based on Fed funds rate, et cetera. And we basically asked them, if they would move $100 million to $150 million out in terms of those deposits and those costs, and we replace them with cheaper cost business deposits that we had brought in.
So we do have some levers that we can push and pull to manage cost of funds and deposit flows. And if we wanted that money back, we certainly could go get it, and it's a relationship we've had for a very long time. So those are the kind of levers that we have today that we didn't always have.
Mark Fitzgibbon
Okay. And then lastly, Stu, I wondered if you could just share any color on the $8.7 million uptick in non-owner-occupied commercial real estate this quarter. Any was it one credit, a couple of credits? Anything special there?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah. Just one credit, Mark. So we actually had an exit of one credit that we previously identified the legacy bridge loan that we exited this quarter. So we took that out. And then we had one previously identified classified loan that we have. We have a purchase and sale agreement on that and we expect to exit that in the second quarter. So nothing systemic. It was one item, but we do expect that credit to be gone by the end of the second quarter.
Mark Fitzgibbon
Thank you.
Operator
Christopher O'Connell with KBW.
Christopher O'Connell
Hey, good morning.
Stuart Lubow
Hey, Chris. How are you?
Christopher O'Connell
Hey, Stu. So I just wanted to follow up on the last question on the credit, the purchase and sale agreement in place. Was that is that marked to the expected purchase price in terms of either charge-offs or a specific reserve at this point?
Stuart Lubow
Yes.
Avinash Reddy
Yes.
Christopher O'Connell
Great. And then I was hoping just to dig in, you guys announced a number of hires over the course of the first quarter here that were highlighted in the release. And hoping to dig in on just production goals on both the loan and deposit side from the various teams and hires here. And I guess, with the updated expense guidance, just kind of a breakeven time line.
Avinash Reddy
Yeah. So I'll start with the second question here. I mean, typically, our experience, Chris, on the deposit side is that teams probably break even within six months just because the deposits come in fairly quickly. Generally, teams have a couple of franchise clients that they're able to bring on early on and they pay for themselves pretty quickly.
On the loan side, it's going to take a little bit longer because it does take time to move loans over. You got to wait for renewals, maturities, things like that on the other side. I think we'll just leave it at as Stu mentioned, it's going to help with the pace of pickup, especially on the C&I and business side going forward into next year.
It's probably going to help us get closer to that mid-single digit to high single-digit growth that we want in 2026. It's, obviously, going to take a little bit of time for them to get going over here. So I'd say look for it to contribute to us starting in late 2025 into 2026.
Christopher O'Connell
Okay. And I guess just without the production goals in place, just the breakdown percentage-wise of the new hires of what you think is deposit versus loan hires out of those in the first quarter?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah, sure. So we hired one deposit team that's focused on the Queens market, so that one was specific. Just for deposits, we hired Jim Legato, who's focused on building out our presence in Manhattan. That's going to be on both the deposit and the loan side.
We've hired Tom in our senior executive leadership role at the bank. Tom is focused on bringing on teams to help build out our C&I and owner-occupied franchises. So that's also on the loan side.
And then Toni came to us from M&T. So she's focused on the loan side. So I'd say it's probably 70% to 80% focused on the loan side, at least the hires to date. I think that's consistent with what we said when we reported our last quarter earnings that focus on both sides of the balance sheet now as opposed to just the deposit side.
Christopher O'Connell
Understood. And then just looking into the second quarter and some of the commentary on loans relatively flat and NIM, kind of, core NIM being a range bound around that 2.90%. Just hoping to flesh out the dynamics there on why you're not a little bit more bullish even before the significant asset repricing begins in the second half of 2025, mostly just given it sounds like the relatively strong pipeline at still, give or take, 200 basis points above the portfolio yield.
And if there's not that much fixed asset repricing in Q2, I guess I would think that, that dynamic is driving loan yields higher into the second quarter, even without the fixed asset repricing beginning in the second half of the year?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah, Chris. So what we said was 2.90% is the base NIM, and we expect to be plus or minus three to four basis points. So there is wiggle room up and down from that. I mean it's just a math exercise, right? If you close $200 million of loans in a quarter, you're probably going to get three basis points of NIM expansion out of that, just purely out of that piece.
So we did take that into account. We only have around $100 million of loans that are repricing in the second quarter. So it does come down to what's coming off the books versus what's coming on, whereas, if you go to the second quarter of this year – sorry, the second half of this year, in the third quarter, for example, we have $400 million of loans that are repricing. So, it's a significant change in terms of that. And also, these loans that are coming off the books, they 3.50% to 4%-plus. So, it's kind of addition by subtraction from that.
So, we're focused on doing classic community commercial bank credits over here within the bank, and that's probably going to be 3 to 4 basis points, we think. So, I think we've provided a range on that. We just want to be thoughtful around the fact that April typically is when people pay taxes as well. So, it's going to take a little bit of time to build back deposits. So, we put all of that in there.
I think the thing that I really focus on is really the destination on the NIM of where we think we're going to end up. If you factor in rate cuts, which may or may not happen, but if they do, will help us by 5 basis points. And then you take into account the volume of assets that are repricing, we're still, as Stu said, pretty bullish about the medium to longer term, getting to a NIM that's approaching the 3.50% area in 2027.
Stuart Lubow
Yeah, And with the pipeline we have and the teams we brought on board, we're very, very excited about the opportunity. I think we are generally being somewhat conservative for the second quarter. It will be predicated upon our loan closings and how quickly these deals get through the pipeline. But we are excited about the second half of the year into 2026.
Christopher O'Connell
Understood. Thanks, Avi. Thanks Stu. That’s all I have.
Operator
Manuel Navas with D.A. Davidson.
Manuel Navas
Hey, good morning. Just wanted to, kind of, expand and hear more color on what could the Lakeland, New Jersey branch, kind of, add and kind of how much more activity could there be around that branch going forward in terms of hiring, things like that?
Stuart Lubow
Sure. So, that's in Lakewood, Central Jersey. We've already hired a banker to a private banker for that group in that area. It's an area I know very well, very attached to the Brooklyn community as well. And so, it's a natural jumping off point and our first foray into New Jersey.
I actually ran a bank in that area years back. So, I know the area very well. And there's a significant amount of deposit and loan opportunity available. And we thought that as our first foray, it was the appropriate location because there's such it dovetails so well with an existing deposit base and customer base that we have in Brooklyn.
Manuel Navas
Okay. You talked a little bit about hiring pipeline staying high. Is there any other color you can add to what parts of the footprint are, kind of, have the most activity? And is it going to continue to be lending focused like the first quarter? Or is there still kind of some more deposit teams to come?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah, I think it's a mix of both, Manuel. I mean, obviously, we've identified growing in Manhattan, growing in New Jersey, and then complementing some of the Long Island areas that we have. So, everything is going to be in our existing footprint or in a targeted footprint that we have.
I think we've tried to be very surgical about what works for Dime over here. We have a client base and we've seen what's worked for us. So, we're very focused on what works for us.
Like I said, it's we're going to pick and choose what works for us. And also, it's important that the economics work for us, right? So we're very focused on making sure, people that we bring on, contribute to the bottom line within six to 12 months, and we want to stay with that discipline. So that's what we're going to do going forward.
Manuel Navas
Can you speak a bit to the levels of competition in the region on those hires, first? And then just kind of across pricing on loan and deposits?
Stuart Lubow
Yeah, Look, I think there are other banks that are interested in doing what we've done. They've seen our success. I think we've been the most successful out of the cadre of institutions that have been somewhat more aggressive. I think we've done it in a much more, as Avi said, surgical way. We've kept our sight on the profitability of these teams, and we've shown success. Obviously, you can see it in our cost of funds and core deposit growth, et cetera.
In terms of pricing, I think today, it's rational. And I think some of the players who have had problems to have pushed some irrational deposit pricing are moderating. So that's certainly helpful. And so I mean, from a loan and deposit standpoint, I think pricing is rational.
The although we're not in the market, I think multifamily pricing has come down dramatically. But I think overall, we're pretty happy with the current rate environment and the structure of our balance sheet will prove to be very profitable for us as time moves on as we continue to reprice the book.
Manuel Navas
I appreciate that. Thank you for the commentary.
Operator
Matthew Breese with Stephens Inc.
Matthew Breese
Hey, good morning.
Stuart Lubow
Hey, good morning, Matt.
Matthew Breese
I wanted to start on deposit costs and the trajectory, excluding additional Fed cuts. So the last time we spoke in January, the spot cost of deposits was 2 to 205. The all-in cost for the quarter was 209. So a modest a little bit of a pickup. Should we read into that at all? Are deposit cost reductions nearing the end without additional rate cuts?
Avinash Reddy
No. So Matt, the way we typically operate with the deposit costs is we initially start by passing on the full amount to a lot of customers. And then over time, you have some customers that come back and say, hey, I got this other eight from other bank, can you match it, right? And we never match it, but sometimes you meet in between, right?
So there's other banks that follow different strategies where they wait a month or two and cut differently. So I would say, look, as we bring in DDA into the bank, our goal is to keep deposit costs in that low 2% area. We do have some CDs on the balance sheet that are repricing lower. So as that happens, we will probably retaining 80% to 90% of the CDs that we have at this point. We probably have around $750 million of CDs left and the rates on those are probably 375-ish plus or minus. Those are probably repricing in the low 3s at this point.
So there is some, but I would say the best environment for us is if the Fed cuts 25 basis points every three months, we'll have an opportunity then to pass on that to customers on the other side. But I would say, absent that, given the Fed cuts that have happened, we still have a CD book that we're repricing down. But beyond that, most of the cuts are in there.
Matthew Breese
Got it. Okay. And then with all the tariff noise, have lending spreads, particularly on commercial real estate and C&I, have they changed at all to account for incremental risk? And what exposures on your book are you monitoring more carefully in light of the tariffs?
Stuart Lubow
Yeah. Look, it's a little too early. We haven't seen a lot of change in spreads on the book at this point on commercial real estate in particular. And generally, we've done a deep dive into the portfolio. Look, we don't have a lot of import/export or manufacturing. We don't have a lot of retail, the things that or consumer for that matter, that you would typically be concerned with.
And it's a little early to see how it all plays out within the general economy, whether it's in the service industry or construction. Those are the areas that we're looking at very closely and monitoring. We're looking at line usage and things of that nature, but it's a little early yet.
Matthew Breese
Okay. Next one for me is just that we're just over the two-year mark for the Signature failure. Is that a significant milestone in any way? I'm thinking in terms of employee lockup agreements. Are there going to be more opportunities this year to hire teams and individuals in the wake of that?
Avinash Reddy
No, I don't think so, Matt, in terms of specific lockup agreements. I mean, I can't comment on what the surviving bank there is doing. But I think for us, we identified early on what markets we wanted to augment. Obviously, there were certain areas of Long Island that we wanted to expand into Staten Island, Westchester.
So for us, it's more market-based and who works for the business model that we have. There's still a lot of talented people over there. There's talented people at other banks, too. If you look at the hires that we've had year-to-date, they've come from multiple banks, right? It's not been just from one bank.
So I think that the opportunity that was there two years back doesn't exist anymore. But there are talented people across the board here. And I think as they see the success that we've had, we're getting a lot of incoming calls going forward, not just from that bank, but from other banks as well.
Matthew Breese
Understood. Okay. Two other quick ones for me. I don't know, if you addressed it in your opening comments, Avi, could you touch on the fee income guide for the year? I think it was $40 million to $42 million. Does that still hold?
Avinash Reddy
Yeah. So this quarter, Matt, we didn't have any swap fee revenue. It was pretty close to zero. A lot of the deals got pushed to May and June type time frame. So if you took the Q1 number and you assume there was some moderate level of swaps in there, we would have been pretty close to that $40 million to $42 million guide for the full year. So we can still keep that for the full year at this point.
Matthew Breese
Okay. And then you had mentioned just strong capital levels, particularly your CET1 ratio. Curious your thoughts on buybacks with the stock down where it is and potentially a slower growth environment. That's all I had. Thank you.
Avinash Reddy
Yeah. Look, I mean, the corporate finance view is to be buying back stock at this point significantly. However, I just think given the overall environment, uncertainty with tariffs, things like that, it's important to have that, especially as we have this loan pipeline that we're looking to close. I mean, Tom's come on board to help us build out the C&I portfolio.
So I think that little bit of excess capital is helpful right now. The other marker that we've set out there is to get our CRE ratio into the low 400s. We made further progress. This quarter, we're probably at 440 at the end of the quarter.
So we'd like to see that decline a little bit as well. So you put that all together, we feel good with where we're at. At some point in latter half of this year into 2026, we'll probably revisit the buyback piece, but it's more from an optics and managing the environment as opposed to the intrinsic value in the stock.
Stuart Lubow
Yeah. And clearly, with our pipeline and the teams we brought on board and the individuals we brought on board, we think there's going to be an opportunity to deploy that capital in a meaningful way and improve earnings as well.
Matthew Breese
That's all I had. Thank you.
Avinash Reddy
Thanks, Matt. Appreciate it.
Operator
Thank you. And I'm currently showing no further questions at this time. I'd like to turn the call back over to Stuart Lubow for closing remarks.
Stuart Lubow
Thank you, Shannon, and thank you all for joining us today and to our dedicated employees and shareholders for their continued support. We look forward to speaking with you after the second quarter.
Operator
This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.
