David Fox
Thanks, Mike. Let me join Jennifer and Mike, and welcome you to our first quarter 2025 earnings call. Let's discuss the financial results of the quarter, starting on Page 4. This morning, we reported first quarter net income of $392 million, earnings per share of $1.90 and our return on average common equity was 13%.
As Mike mentioned, we delivered our third consecutive quarter of positive total operating leverage. We also reported our fourth consecutive quarter of positive trust fee operating leverage, both excluding notables. Relative to the prior year, currency movements unfavorably impacted our revenue growth by approximately 20 basis points and favorably impacted our expense growth by approximately 50 basis points. Currency movements were immaterial relative to the prior period. As a reminder, year-over-year comparisons reflect 1 fewer day this year as last year's first quarter included an extra day in February due to leap year.
Trust, investment and other servicing fees totaled $1.2 billion, a 1% sequential decline and a 6% increase compared to last year. Net interest income on an FTE basis was $574 million, essentially flat compared to the prior period and up 7% from a year ago. Our assets under custody and administration were up 1% sequentially and up 3% as compared to the prior year. Our assets under management were flat sequentially and up 7% year-over-year.
Overall, our credit quality remains very strong. Excluding notable items in all periods, other noninterest income was down 9% sequentially and down 4% over the prior year. Revenue was down sequentially 1% and up 6% on a year-over-year basis. Expenses were up 3% sequentially and up 4.8% over the prior year, and earnings per share decreased 16% sequentially but increased 13% compared to the prior year.
Turning to our asset servicing results on Page 5. Our Asset Servicing business performed well in the quarter. Transaction volumes were healthy. Capital Markets activities were up double digits over the prior year and new business growth continues to be booked at attractive margins. Assets under custody and administration for asset servicing clients were $15.8 trillion at quarter end, reflecting a 3% year-over-year increase.
Asset servicing fees totaled $672 million. Custody and fund administration fees were $453 million, up 4% year-over-year, largely reflecting the impact from strong underlying equity markets and new business generation.
Year-over-year comparisons were dampened by the client exits we discussed in the second quarter of last year. Other fees were $48 million, up 7% year-over-year largely reflecting growth in our front office solutions product as well as higher seasonal benefit payments.
Assets under management for asset servicing clients were $1.2 trillion, up 7% over the prior year. Investment management fees within Asset Servicing were $153 million, up a strong 9% year-over-year due to favorable markets and new business activities.
Now moving to our Wealth Management business on Page 6. Wealth Management also had a healthy quarter with continued strength in our Global Family Office business. Assets under management for our wealth management clients were $447 billion at quarter end, up 6% year-over-year. Trust, investment and other servicing fees for wealth management clients were $542 million, up 8% year-over-year, primarily due to strong equity markets.
Moving to Page 7 on our balance sheet and net interest income trends. Our average earning assets were up 3% on a linked quarter basis, fueled by higher deposit levels, which drove an increase in cash held with the Fed and other central banks. The duration of our securities portfolio remained at 1.6 years and the total balance sheet duration continues to be less than 1 year.
Net interest income on an FTE basis was $574 million, flat with the fourth quarter, and our net interest margin was 1.69%, down 2 basis points quarter-over-quarter. NII outperformed our expectations, largely due to higher-than-expected deposit levels. Average deposits were $116 billion, up 3% compared to fourth quarter levels. Within this, interest-bearing deposits increased by 4% and noninterest-bearing deposits decreased by 3% but remained at 15% of the overall mix. Deposit pricing was largely as expected.
Institutional deposit betas remained high and wealth deposit betas were stable. The quarterly contribution from transactional and other items returned to more normal levels.
Turning to our expenses on Page 8. Noninterest expense was approximately $1.4 billion in the first quarter, up 3% sequentially and 4% as compared to the prior year. Excluding notable items in the prior period, as listed on the slide, expenses in the first quarter were up 4.8% year-over-year, an improvement from the fourth quarter's 5.5% year-over-year increase.
Let's go back and review our core expenses from the quarter. Compensation expense was up 8% sequentially, largely reflecting the impact of our seasonal equity incentive grants. Comp expense increased 3% over the prior year resulting from modest levels of hiring associated with our modernization initiative and underlying growth in the business.
Outside services expense increased 7% relative to the prior period largely due to higher levels of spend associated with our modernization and resiliency initiative, but it was down 3% sequentially as the same spend started to flatten out. Equipment and software expense increased 11% year-over-year, mostly related to higher depreciation and amortization expense and costs associated with our cloud journey.
Turning to Page 9. Our capital levels and regulatory ratios remained strong in the quarter. We continue to operate at levels well above our required regulatory minimums. Our common equity Tier 1 ratio under the standardized approach increased by 50 basis points on a linked-quarter basis to 12.9%, driven by capital accretion and a decline in RWA. Our Tier 1 leverage ratio was 8%, down 10 basis points from the prior quarter.
At quarter end, our unrealized pretax loss on available-for-sale securities was $527 million, and we returned $435 million to common shareholders in the quarter through cash dividends of $148 million and common stock repurchases of $287 million, reflecting a payout ratio of 116%.
Turning to our guidance. Starting with expenses. We continue to expect our total operating expense growth to be below 5% for the full year, excluding notable items in both periods.
Turning to NII. Given our first quarter outperformance, coupled with recent deposit growth, we're raising our full year guidance from low single-digit growth to low to mid-single-digit growth. This assumes continued strong deposit levels, stable deposit mix, meaning we wouldn't expect absolute levels of NIB to move materially from current levels, but the percentage of overall mix could change. Market implied forward curves as of this week, and relatively stable deposit pricing.
And with that, operator, please open the line for questions.
Operator
(Operator Instructions)
Steven Chubak, Wolfe Research.
Steven Chubak
Hi, good morning and thanks so much for taking my questions.
Michael O'Grady
Sure.
Steven Chubak
So the -- I wanted to start on a question on the deposit beta certainly, the NII guidance and the modest upward revision is certainly encouraging. The cumulative beta of 86% so far this easing cycle, it certainly surprised positively, especially relative to the 72% beta we saw during the period of Fed tightening. I was hoping you could speak to what deposit beta assumption is underpinning that guidance. Just trying to gauge what sort of deposit betas we can underwrite sustainably if we get for additional cuts consistent with the forward curve?
David Fox
Yeah, our deposit bait has remained relatively Stable if you look historically, but I would say that it's obviously going to be higher for the institutional business, closer to 100% and then lower for wealth, 60% to 70% roughly. I will also point out though that we have spent a lot of time on our deposit pricing. I mentioned this in the last earnings call and thinking a little bit about tearing and the size of our deposits where we get our deposits. So I think having spent more time doing that, I think it's really. It's benefit of the deposit base on the positive side.
Steven Chubak
That's great. And for my follow-up, just on the fee outlook and the impact on expenses, just given you're going to have to absorb some of the negative marks related to month and quarter lag pricing, both in the servicing side as well as in the wealth business. Dave, it sounds like you were reaffirming the 5% or better expense guide but wanted to better understand how much flex you have if those fee pressures intensify, and we don't necessarily see an inflection or recovery in equity markets over the course of the year?
David Fox
Yes. We are dedicated to keeping that expense growth rate below 5%. I'd point out that at the beginning of the year, as we were doing our planning, we spent a lot of time identifying discretionary and nondiscretionary spending. So we know exactly what we have to do to flex. And I think you also heard me say in the previous call that we're trying to build a more flexible business model that can basically adjust itself as market conditions either get better or get worse, right?
So we know where we have to do it. We know what our levers are. They're going to be, obviously, in the consulting side, outside services, technology spend, and then potentially even on incentives as well.
So we've got a management team, I think, that's really driving towards having strong positive operating leverage through all the cycles. And that's why I'm willing to say we're going to obviously stay within that below 5%. Currency creates a bit of a headwind for us. From my perspective, it's neutral in the sense that it helps us on the revenue side and hurts us on the expense side, and that's obviously going to be something we have to manage more proactively. But at the end of the day, we don't control it.
And we're still -- based on the current exchange rates, we still think we can get to that 5% or below.
Steven Chubak
Very helpful Color. Thanks so much for taking my questions.
Operator
Betsy Graseck, Morgan Stanley.
Betsy Graseck
Hi, good morning.
Michael O'Grady
Morning.
Betsy Graseck
Mike, during your prepared remarks, you mentioned that you had some capital markets activity that was pretty hot towards the end of the quarter and then it led into April. Could you talk a little bit about what type of capital markets activity you're referring to there? And has it continued into April meaning now? Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. So the level of volatility in the markets obviously has different impacts. One of them is that, in general, it does tend to drive more what we would consider capital markets activity for us, which would be foreign exchange and then also brokerage. And in particular, I would say, within that is our integrated trading services where we are essentially the outsourced trading desk for asset manager clients.
And so as they see repositioning happening in their portfolios, that's something that flows through to us. So it was a little bit, as I was saying, in the first quarter and more it's just the momentum that's carried into April here, and we'll see where it goes from there.
Betsy Graseck
Okay. Got it. And then a follow-up question is on the Family Office Solutions, which launched this quarter. Is that right? Did I get that right?
Michael O'Grady
You got it right.
Betsy Graseck
Okay. So can you talk a little bit about your plans for this new what should we call it, sleeve offering, segment? I mean, you've long had this capability set, but by putting it together in this way, it would be helpful to understand what -- how you see the drivers from here in terms of rebranding within your current client set versus attracting new customers? And is this something that you would be taking beyond the US?Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. And you have it right there, Betsy, as to how we're looking at this, which is from a capability perspective, we have family office capabilities as part of our Global Family Office business and have been very successful in serving clients and growing the business on that front.
And then from a segment perspective, the ultra high net worth segment, so think about $100 million and above, we've also been very successful in serving that segment of clients. And what this is about is trying to deliver that capability set of family office services to the ultra high net worth segment. So right now, for an ultra high net worth client for the most part, we're providing a very bespoke service offering to them. They're surrounded and it's a high level of service for that client base. And yet we have clients in that segment that are looking to outsource more of those activities to us, and it's a broader set.
So beyond what you would think about as far as traditional wealth advisory trust, fiduciary, banking, they're also looking for a more robust reporting capability. They're looking for outsourced bill payment. They're looking for more of an OCIO type investment service. So it's those capabilities that we're already providing to family offices, just being able to do it on an outsourced basis for ultra high net worth clients.
And to your point, this is both the opportunity to improve or enhance the service to existing ultra high net worth clients, but absolutely an ability for us to grow that base of clients with these services.
Betsy Graseck
Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure.
Operator
Ken Usdin, Autonomous Research.
Ken Usdin
Hey guys, good morning. Nice to see the little incremental buyback. Just wondering and now even with an even higher CET1 ratio at 12.9%. I know you had previously talked about doing greater than the 78% total capital return you did last year. Can you talk about your comfort with that? Or just given the environment and where capital still is going, could you still move that up forward more and get more back to shareholders? Thanks.
David Fox
Yes. So I'll take a crack at that. You know we love our flexibility and it's hard on a point in time to know exactly where you're going to land, particularly in uncertain markets, you want to make sure you're there for your clients. And so it trended up this quarter. There's obviously some room to take it down.
And I will remind you that we did pay out 116% of earnings, which is insignificant versus the 90% we did in Q1. So range is 11% to 12%, that hasn't changed. We do watch our capital levels compared to our peers. And so we like the higher payout levels I think going forward of around 100% could be something that we could aim more towards going forward.
Ken Usdin
Makes sense. Great. And a follow-up on the expense side. So expenses to trust fees being around 118, about flat year-over-year. I know you have the long-term goal, 105, 110, and I know there's a direction of travel that you're aspiring for.
But given Stephen's prior comments about the market headwinds that you're facing, do you expect to see directional improvement there as we move forward? And I guess there's a push and pull with as you already mentioned, you're trying to get the expense growth rate lower. So just how do we just think about that? Thanks.
David Fox
Yes. Well, there's obviously two components to that ratio. In the trust fee environment right now, given what's happening in the capital market is going to be something that we -- again, we don't control. What I try to focus people on is organic trust fee growth and organic expenses. Those are the only things that we really have pretty much complete control over.
So what we try to do is drive those down as much as we possibly can. And then we have to just confront whatever market environment that we have at the time.
And there are certain things that are going to sort of -- we're just got to accept them. So the more we drive down the organic side and drive up the trust fees that we're going to be in better shape. So that's sort of how we think about it. And then it all ends up being in the expenses to trust fees. But again, that doesn't -- that includes all the market gyrations that are in there as well.
And clearly, our targets are much lower than where we currently are.
Ken Usdin
Got it, thank you, Dave.
Operator
Mike Mayo, Wells Fargo Securities.
Mike Mayo
Hi. Just some clarification on your other answers. So family office solutions, you have global family office, that's one-fifth of your wealth revenues. So family office solutions, what do you imagine as the total addressable market? How much of that of your current family office revenues? Is that today -- what geographies are you targeting?
Are you hiring people for that? Because it seems like you certainly talk a lot about this, especially relative to its size in terms of revenue contribution. So if you could just flesh that out a little bit more. Thanks.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. So as far as the addressable market, the ultra-high net worth market very large. And if you look at just our client base, the number of clients that would fall into this category is in the hundreds, kind of 300 to 400 existing clients that would fit this profile. I don't have, I'll say, a percentage of revenue number for you on that front. And so it's already a large client base for us.
It's just one that we think with the growth in that market and our brand in that market and our capabilities. It's one that we can both grow with the market, but also take share in doing that.
And then to your point on hiring people, absolutely are adding resources to this. It is a different model than what we've had where in this case here, as I mentioned, it's like an outsourced family office capability. And so the primary interface for those clients is essentially the quarter back for that relationship. So in a family office situation, that person is an employee, if you will, of the family who's directing all that activity. In this case here, that's a Northern Trust employee, who is the quarterback or the Director of all of those activities.
We absolutely have people that do that now. But as we're growing this business, we are adding additional talent to be able to continue to resource the growth there.
And then I would just also add to it, there are also technology capabilities that are a part of this. So for the family office business, that's all delivered through a comprehensive technology platform, if you will, where we act as essentially the overall integrator of the various types of technology for a family office, and in this case here, to be able to provide that on a more a la carte basis, if you will, for the ultra-high net worth clients, there is some technology build that we're investing in as well.
Mike Mayo
So family office solutions, Northern would kind of be the CFO on behalf of the family as opposed to the existing family office.
Michael O'Grady
Yes.
Mike Mayo
Okay. Got it. And the other question relates to -- relates to the question about capital. I mean you have so much CET1, it went up so much more again, you're so far above your minimum. On the one hand, I think a lot of your stakeholders like that, you survived the great depression.
You were 1 or 2 big banks that didn't cut the dividend during the global financial crisis. You like that perception trust and resiliency. I get it.
On the other hand, it's hard to know where that line is between having enough for that resiliency and having so much that you have some trapped capital. So what are your thoughts about acquisitions or accelerating the buyback? I know that's already come up? Or -- and what kind of deregulatory benefits are that you could potentially get under the new regime? Thanks.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. So your preamble there, Mike covered a lot of the things that I would start with as well. So all that said, we are in a very good position from a capital perspective. To the extent that we thought that there was something inorganic that we could do, which would be a good deployment of that capital, we would consider it. I would say at this point, that's not a priority on that front.
That's why we are in a position to do higher repurchases.
As Dave mentioned, in the quarter, we were over 100%, all else equal as we go forward here, we think that 100% is the right level to think about. And to your point, as far as any changes in the capital regime, we'll start with what we think is the necessary amount of capital. But we've also talked previously about the importance of being at or above the level of some of our peers. So to the extent that it changes within the industry, that changes that constraint, if you will, as well and gives us even more flexibility to do things like that.
Mike Mayo
All right, thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure.
Operator
Ebrahim Poonawala, Bank of America.
Ebrahim Poonawala
Good morning.
I just wanted to follow up, I guess, on the expense front. I think if you go back when you took over as CFO, we had the sort of leadership changes, you talked about the focus in terms of creating a fee over and the focus on vendor contracts, on just moving business heads to manage some of these things. Just give us a sense of any proof points on what you achieved or seen so far? I know it's early days. But as we think about the expense flex and the operating leverage in the business that may come through over the next year or 2 it would help us inform how much we can rely on expenses.
So I would love to hear things that have been achieved in the last sort of 6, 7 months since these changes occurred. And -- and what's the runway here in terms of what inning are in, in terms of identifying productivity opportunities?
Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. And I think that's a good framework to think about it. Dave mentioned a number of things that we have been doing and that you're asking about the time frames in front of us. So on that front, again, we've been very focused on making sure that we have an efficient workforce, and that has produced efficiencies for us in the most recent periods. Of course, we'll continue to do that.
There's still more opportunities to look at the way that we're organized, spans of control, location strategy, a number of initiatives across that front that will continue to deliver productivity for us.
We're also in the earlier stages of continuing to deploy, I'll say, technology, and I say that in the sense of technology that have been available like machine learning, natural language processing that we're able to deploy to create efficiencies and productivity. And then in the earlier stages of generative AI. So areas where we're using GitHub, for example, for IT or software development automation, which, again, we're getting, I'll say, very good results on that front, but it's in the very early days of deploying that. And also looking to deploy more for digitization of all the documentation that we utilize and have to process for our clients.
And along those lines, if you think about a lot of the activities in the asset servicing business and our operations that relate to workflow management, that's something where we're deploying the technology to continue to automate that much more.
And then to your point of even beyond that, we've talked about the fact that we've reorganized, but that's only part of it when we think about the COO organization that's been set up. It's also a change in our operating model where we're moving towards a more capability-driven operating model. That's where we're taking common services or activities or processes that cut across the company and looking to centralize, standardize and automate those processes.
So thinking about client onboarding, which happens across the company or portfolio accounting and those capabilities, and also our client platforms or portals, our passports, where we have multiple passports to the extent that we can standardize those across the various businesses, geographies that creates those longer-term productivity and efficiency opportunities. So a number of things that we're doing now, but much more that we can do as we go forward to ensure we're getting consistent productivity.
Ebrahim Poonawala
That's good color, Mike. And maybe one, Dave heard your guidance on NII. Just remind us in terms of sensitivity to rate cuts, how we should think about that going forward? -- rapid rate cuts. Is that a negative?
How are you just going about managing the balance sheet from an ALCO perspective?
Thank you.
David Fox
Yes. We have -- in our model, we've got 2 or 3 rate cuts potentially in there. From our perspective, it doesn't really impact it all that much, to be honest with you. The NIM compression really doesn't start until we get a much, much lower rates. And if you want to think about it, roughly speaking, a 25 basis point rate cut, it translates into less than $1 million a month for us.
So it isn't something that we anticipated, but this is something that's going to prevent us from hitting our goal.
Ebrahim Poonawala
Good. Thank you.
Operator
Glenn Schorr, Evercore.
Glenn Schorr
Hi, thanks and talk about some of the alternative. Good morning. Maybe talk about some of the alternative -- maybe talk about some of the alternative initiatives you have in motion. Let's talk maybe asset and wealth management first. In terms of delivering a more complete set of solutions. I'm curious if you -- what you could tell us on what's in motion in terms of both proprietary and third-party product that you might be onboarding, what signposts we might be looking to see throughout this year? Appreciate it.
Michael O'Grady
Sure. Absolutely. So alternative solutions, definitely an important growth initiative for us across the company. To your question as it relates to wealth management, what we're looking to do there, Glenn, is to enhance and expand the opportunity set for our clients. And it is a combination of both proprietary, but also third-party funds.
So 50 South Capital is our alternatives investment manager within NTAM. And on that front, we've been very successful with our wealth clients in raising funds over time. A combination of fund to funds, but also other types of, I'll say, direct capabilities such as secondaries and co-investments. And we look to this year, essentially double the fundraising capacity or actual fundraising amount to what we've done in previous years on average.
And then on the other hand, we have our wealth management alternatives platform, which has third-party funds on that. And that's an area where likewise, we're looking to increase the number of funds this year that we offer to our clients, and also look to potentially increase the size of the average offering on that front. That does require an investment. So that's why when you say what's happening on that front, there's a lot happening to ensure that we do that in a way that gets the right outcomes for our clients, ensuring that we provide the right education around alternatives and how it fits into the portfolio of our clients. And so yes, a big area of focus for us, both on our own, I'll say, and through third parties.
Glenn Schorr
Great. Maybe I'll continue the team and just ask a follow-up on the servicing side. In your prepared remarks, you talked about the semi-liquid funds important focus and doing like half you said or a little more than half of what's going on in the UK, US is obviously a huge market for semi liquids.
I'm just curious if that technology backbone that you're having success with in the UK is literally the same thing or can be tweaked to go after the US market and if that's a clear plan. Appreciate it.
Michael O'Grady
Yes. So yes. So to your point, the markets are different, I'll say, similar but different. So that capability with the LTAF in the UK, for example, there is a similar structure investment vehicle structure in Luxembourg in that market, if you will. And as you know, that then is a market where you can distribute across Europe.
Likewise, we've had success on that front, and I would say there's activity there. Similarly, Ireland has its own structure. So yes, you need the expertise, yes, you have the capability. It does require, I'll say, customizing for that marketplace. And so we have the ability to do that.
And within the US, again, it's a different approach and structure for that market, but one that we've had growth in the US with private capital and expect to going forward as well.
Glenn Schorr
Alright, thank you.
Operator
Gerard Cassidy, RBC.
Gerard Cassidy
Morning Dave, morning Mike.
Can you guys share with us it might be difficult to do this, but how can you calibrate the fee revenues for asset values versus volume. So if the global asset values were to continue to decline this year, how much can that be offset on your revenues with increased volumes?
David Fox
Yes. I mean, so our AUC is about 50% equities and 30% fixed income, AUM is about 56% equities. So we are levered towards the equity markets, right, from that perspective. So it's going to be volume and it's going to be mix. Obviously, it's going to be super important there as well.
Also keep in mind that within the AUC bucket, a lot of the stuff that we do in asset servicing is custody-agnostic. We're moving more towards solution-based revenues like front office solutions and integrated trading solutions and things of that nature. So assets under custody are super important, but we've added a ton of extra services around all of that, it's less affected by that volume.
Gerard Cassidy
Very good. And then as a follow-up, a broader macro question, there's obviously change coming on the regulatory front. We've seen as recently as Friday MPR come out from the Fed on the stress capital buffer. Can you guys give us your views on the Basel III end game, what changes might -- or what it might mean for Northern Trust, also this talk about excluding government securities from the supplementary leverage ratio. If you wrap it all together, how are you guys looking at it and how it might impact the way you run your business going forward?
Michael O'Grady
Sure. So the regulatory environment and framework is absolutely continuing to change. I mean, Basel III end game has been out there for some time period, can't quite reach the end game on that front. I would say within that aspect or that regime, it's mostly about operational risk, and how that gets treated from a capital perspective.
To the extent that it is a more, I'll call it, refined model that relates to your particular operations and the actual risk that you have, that tends to be favorable from our perspective as opposed to more blunt instrument approaches to operational risk, which tend to overweight the level of risk for a lot of the activities that we have. So on that front, I would say, positive in the most recent developments as to how they're looking at operational risk.
And to your point on supplemental ratio -- leverage ratio, again, as a custody bank, we tend to be a valve, if you will, or a flex point for liquidity in the marketplace. We have plenty of capacity on that front right now. But certainly, to the extent that something like treasuries receive different treatment as a part of that calculation, it only gives us more capacity. I would say at this point, there's no particular say, need or relief that would be required for us based on our activities, it would just create more capacity.
Glenn Schorr
Very good, thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure.
Operator
David Smith, Truist Securities.
David Smith
Good morning. Can you speak some more about how the current market volatility impacts new business on the one hand and client attrition on the other? Are clients less likely to make big moves in terms of custodian or manager during times like this. And just lastly, do these trends look different in asset servicing versus wealth right now?
Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Yes, I do think that market volatility, uncertainty can drive client decision-making. And so it's -- we haven't seen anything, I would say, significant at this point. But frankly, we're still in the first month of this really high level of volatility. And so we'll see how that plays out. But yes, it can run counter to decision-making.
And then I would say, as to how it might differ on the institutional side, these tend to be longer longer time periods for decision-making, where they tend to be running RFPs over many months.
And so those tend to continue along because they're, I'll say, more accustomed to changes in the marketplace. On the wealth front, it can cause a pause for people to actually switch over. But frankly, it just builds up the pipelines to the extent that we've made the case to be able to switch the account. But as to the timing as to when they want to do it, it just may take a little bit longer to do on that front. So early days on that front, but there certainly can be an impact from volatility.
David Smith
And then as a follow-up, you've seen some nice acceleration in expenses over the past few quarters, but it also does seem like your organic flows backing out market impacts or lagging peers at the same time. What gives you the confidence that you're making all the necessary investments in growth at the same time that you're working to bring expenses down?
David Fox
Yes. The way you described it is certainly the objective, and that's why the productivity pillar of our strategy is critical because it creates that capacity to be able to invest in the growth initiatives that we talked about. So certainly, on the alternative front, on the family office, services front to be able to do it. But then there are a number of other growth initiatives that we're looking and are funding to ensure that we can move that organic growth rate up. Most of them within wealth management and asset management.
And so we've talked about some of them, but I also mentioned in some of my opening comments in asset management around ETFs, where we'll be launching a number of new funds later this year on that front. We talked a little bit about tax managed equity, another area that we're investing not as much in the capability from an investment perspective, we're very strong. But from a technology perspective, to be able to do that in an even more scalable way. So yes, continuing to invest to be able to fund organic growth.
David Smith
Thank you.
Michael O'Grady
Sure.
Operator
Jim Mitchell, Seaport Global Securities.
Jim Mitchell
Hey, good morning. Maybe just a couple of follow-ups on wealth. In the family office solutions business, Obviously, some ultra high net worth clients are moving from the more traditional relationship to a family office. Is that more of an effort to make that relationship stickier? Or is there also a material revenue pickup as they convert?
Michael O'Grady
Yes. I would say it's a combination of things. One is to just enhance the service level, if you will. This idea of being able to outsource more gives them a higher level of service. Second, I would say is -- it's our ability to win more business.
We see a greater demand for that setup where they have an outsourced family office provider, if you will, where they have that quarter back. So it enables us to grow.
And then third, I would say is around the scalability of what we're doing. Overall, this segment, I would say, is not a terribly scalable offering. It's very high need. It's very expert driven, in many cases, very bespoke for the clients and what their needs are. And so anything we can do to improve the scalability, enables us to grow faster and more profitably.
And then to your point as well, we think we do a great job. We'll continually earn that business, and the business will be sticky for us as well.
Jim Mitchell
Right. That makes sense. And then maybe just bigger picture, that's obviously been a place while generally, you've pivoted to try to drive organic growth improvements. You've highlighted a few examples of success across alts et cetera. So how do you -- how are you feeling better or worse on sort of the organic growth acceleration that you're trying to get?
And if you have any intermediate targets on where you can get that organic growth to in wealth.
Michael O'Grady
Yes. So I feel very good about the initiatives that we have in place and our progress on them. But I would say on some of these, they are in the earlier days or earlier stages on that front, and the nature of this business is you earn them one by one in many respects. So it's different than our institutional business where you have very, very large mandates that can drive a higher growth rate in a shorter period of time.
And then I'd also say one of the keys is really being able to execute on our One Northern Trust strategy. And what I mean by that is just delivering the entire firm. So it's not, I'll say, just wealth management. It's the entire firm, it's asset management and when appropriate, also the asset servicing and banking capabilities that our wealth clients need.
Jim Mitchell
Okay, thanks for the call.
Operator
Vivek Juneja from JPMorgan.
Vivek Juneja
Hi, thanks.
Just want a clarification on your fees in both servicing and asset management. Dave, I heard you say you've added a lot of services. And then you also mentioned in your release about the lagged effect that you always have from asset values. Obviously, fourth quarter asset values did well. But when I look at your servicing and asset management fees, both were down linked quarter.
Any color on what drove that down? And how we should think about it given that Q1 was actually down further. So any thoughts on this?
David Fox
So the way to think about the billing lags is sort of 25% quarterly, 60% monthly and 15% daily is sort of the way we think about it. So obviously, the quarterly benefit, we'll still see it going into Q2 because March 31 wasn't -- was before Liberation Day. So we're still going to see an impact there. But going forward, it obviously will catch up to us unless the markets will come back materially.
Vivek Juneja
Okay. And then completely different topic. Maybe, Mike, your fee revenues, both servicing and asset management, what percentage is non-US? And as you think about growth, I know Jason in the past, has talked on this call has talked about wanting to add a lot of growth internationally to what are you thinking as you've done your plans in terms of how much of the growth you expect coming from international in next year, next 3 years? Anything on that?
Michael O'Grady
Sure. So roughly 25% to 30% of our revenue is non-US. And that will vary over time quarter-to-quarter, but that gives you some idea of the distribution there. And I would say, from a growth perspective, that each of our businesses has a non-US or international growth component to it.
Again, the markets can change and the dynamics can change, but there are certain areas where we think there is more of a growth opportunity internationally with the businesses. So for example, within the family office business, it will continue to grow in the US, but we've been growing at a higher rate outside of the US as well, some meaningful wins even in the quarter here where we think that, that opportunity and our capability set continues to offer a higher growth opportunity.
And then in Asset Servicing, as much as we've had good success, for example, in the quarter here with our US asset owner client base, we continue to win in EMEA and APAC as well. So I don't see that mix, I would say, meaningfully changing as we go forward here and continues to have that type of balance.
Vivek Juneja
And just a clarification, the 25% to 30%, Mike, were you referring to fee revenues, I'm presuming?
Michael O'Grady
That's total revenue.
Vivek Juneja
And what would it be for fee revenues?
Michael O'Grady
I don't know and we'll have to follow up with that, Vivek.
David Fox
Yes. dollars still represented about 80% of our trust fees.
Vivek Juneja
Okay. Yes, thanks.
Operator
Alex Blostein, Goldman Sachs.
Alex Blostein
Hey everybody, thanks for squeezing me in here. Just a couple of follow-ups for me. First, maybe on NII, understanding that the environment is obviously quite volatile. I think in your forward guidance, you guys are assuming fairly stable deposits. I'm assuming that's to average in Q1, but maybe give us an update on kind of how things stand far in April, both in terms of the level and the mix just given all the volatility we've seen so far in the second quarter?
David Fox
Yes. I mean, deposit levels are hanging in there. And obviously, March 31 was a point in time. But at the end of the day, our clients, I think, are -- have taken a somewhat of a risk-off position in the marketplace. And I think they view Northern as a good place to put their deposits.
And so from our perspective, the deposit levels are driving a little bit, obviously, of the guide I've given you going forward, and we don't see them abating obviously, for the next couple of months. And so from that perspective, we feel pretty good about that.
Alex Blostein
Right. So okay, that makes sense. And then in terms of just the mix as well, could you just kind of help us think about what should we be looking out for when thinking about the mix going forward? The risk-off environment doesn't seem to change the mix rather drastically. It sounds like noninterest deposits is still kind of hanging around the same level in terms of percentages. But what would change that? And what sort of the client segment that will be most responsible, I guess, for that shift?
David Fox
Yes. So keep in mind that 50% of our securities reprice in 90 days or less, and over 80% of the book is in US dollars. And then we've got about $1 billion of fixed securities that run off each quarter and then are being reinvested in fixed and floating. And we have -- our duration has gone up a little teeny bit.
We have been taking the opportunity to think a little bit about protecting '26, if you will, so -- from that perspective. So -- and also keep in mind that about 70% of our deposits are in US dollars, right? So there are opportunities for us to do some arbitrage opportunities between those currencies and things of that nature. And as I said before, deposit betas are going to remain pretty steady until we get to much lower interest rate levels.
So that's sort of what's driving the NII outlook.
Alex Blostein
Got you. Okay. And then just another quick one on expenses. So I heard you guys in terms of your prepared remarks and the outlook for this year, just given the more uncertain macro backdrop and the effect will be delayed on fees that lower markets might have when you guys. Could you just remind us the percentage of your expense base that flexes directly with lower asset levels.
There are some things like sub-advisory or sub-custody fees and things like that, that I think are quite floating. But if you look at your expense base more holistically, what percentage of that is sort of truly variable with the fee revenue?
David Fox
Not as much as you might think. Roughly, it's less than 0.5%, right? So the general -- the sum we give you guys is the 10% change in the market, it's about a 3% change in trust fees, 2% revenues. Unfortunately, on the way down, we don't get as much benefit from those kind of fees going down.
Alex Blostein
Okay. Great. All right, thanks so much.
Operator
Gerard Cassidy, RBC.
Gerard Cassidy
Hi guys, just a quick follow up.
Just a quick follow-up. Dave, what -- you guys obviously took a nice gain from your Visa position last year. Could you just update us where it stands now on the balance sheet, what the value is and what you're thinking of doing with the remaining shares that you may own?
Michael O'Grady
So on the balance sheet, Gerard, it's at 0. So it has not been marked up, if you will. And at this point, I would consider it restricted. Visa does create the opportunity to liquidate an additional portion of that. I think we'll consider it at that point and with the same decision-making framework that we did before when we decided to take advantage of that and liquidate half of our position at that time. And at this point, don't really have any more visibility into it.
Gerard Cassidy
Got it. And just -- and maybe a reword the question what's the unrealized gain potential, I guess, was the better question since it's carried at 0 on the balance sheet.
David Fox
About $1.1 billion pretax.
Gerard Cassidy
Great. Okay, super, appreciate that, thank you.
Operator
And there are no further questions in the queue at this time. I will now turn the conference back over to Jennifer Childe for closing remarks.
Jennifer Childe
Thanks, operator. Thank you, everyone, for joining us today. We look forward to speaking with you again in the future.
Operator
Thanks, operator. Thank you, everyone, for joining us today. We look forward to speaking with you again in the future.
