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I want to reinforce that the Company has made a strategic move to memberships in order to aggressively shift to a recurring revenue model. And we are in the middle of that transition, one that enhances customer loyalty and will ensure consistency and stability in the long term cash flow. Historically, most memberships have been sold online. And I'm pleased to report an 80% increase in the proportion of guests upgrading to memberships at our front gate. In our highly successful new membership centers. We continued this momentum into July, our prime season for membership sales. And as of today, our membership base is up more than 25% from this time last year. Although, there will always be a segment of our guests, who prefer season passes, there is no reason, we can't grow our membership penetration to more than 50% over the next few years, thereby greatly increasing our percentage of recurring revenue.

I'm especially pleased with the accelerating adoption rate of our highest priced membership tiers, with the proportion of guests choosing Diamond or Diamond Elite up double digits. Higher tiered members increase our average admissions price and have higher in-park spending and guest satisfaction. In the quarter, we successfully reached a settlement regarding the discontinued project in Dubai. And in China, our partner continues to make progress obtaining local government support for our Chongqing parks. Construction in both Nanjing and Chongqing continues. Though our partner has ongoing negotiations concerning the full integrated resort in Chongqing, we are pleased with their consistent progress and are cautiously optimistic that both Nanjing and Chongqing will remain on schedule. In addition, our partner continues to have positive discussions with the local government in Nanjing. Our third location in China and is still striving to obtain all necessary approvals that will allow us to begin recognizing revenue again. We are also in the process of completing the master plan for our Saudi park, which promises to be a beautiful entertainment complex with some amazing world record attractions. Our international agreements provide unique diversification to our portfolio and represent significant long term upside above and beyond our base business, with no capital at risk. We are pursuing additional international parks and the opportunity for future growth remains compelling. Before I turn the call over to Marshall, I would like to give you a quick update on the CEO transition. Our Board Search Committee is busy conducting interviews with both internal and external candidates. The process has been going very well and there is great interest in the role. Once we have a final decision about the new CEO, we will make that public. So I'm very excited about the balance of 2019 and our team remains energized and laser focused on delivering another record year. Marshall will now share a few more details on our second quarter and year to date financial results. Marshall?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Jim, and good morning to everyone on the call. Second quarter revenue was up 7% , driven by an 8% growth in attendance and a 14% increase in sponsorship, International agreements and accommodations revenue offset by a 1% decrease in guest spending per capita. The 738,000 attendance increase was driven by incremental operating days at our new domestic parks prior to June 1, the day we assumed operations last year. An attendance shift of nearly 200,000 guests from Q1 into Q2 due to the later timing of Easter and the related spring breaks compared to 2018. The increase in our Active Pass Base and incremental operating days from the Magic Waters Waterpark in Illinois, which we began operating in April of this year. Because of the Easter related attendant shift between the first and second quarters, it is more meaningful to review June year to date performance. Revenue in the first half of the year was up 5% , driven by a 5% increase in attendance and a 14% increase in sponsorship, International agreements and accommodations revenue. International agreements revenue was up $7.5 million or 32% in the first six months of 2019 with revenue of $20 million in the second quarter.

This included a $7.5 million settlement related to the termination of our contract in Dubai and a cumulative catch up revenue adjustment related to Chongqing. You may remember that we did not recognize revenue for Chongqing in Q1, since that time, our partner has been progressing with the government approval process and construction has continued. This adjustment brings us in line with the park opening schedule that was announced on our Q4 2018 earnings call.

Going forward, we expect to continue recognizing revenue for Chongqing and are hopeful to resume development and revenue recognition for Nanjing later in the year or early next year. While we're pleased with the progress our partner in China has made working through the challenges they have faced over the last nine months. It is possible that international revenue will remain lumpy going forward, especially if the timing of park openings changes or broader macroeconomic issues persist.

Guest spending for the first half of the year was up $0.03 to $43.33, with admissions per capita down 1% and in-park per capita spending up 1%. Per capita spending was up nicely in our legacy parks but was diluted by incremental attendance at our new domestic parks, which have significantly lower per capita spending. We remain confident that we can grow these per capita over time.

Moving on to costs, our cash operating and SG&A expenses in the first half of the year increased 9%, reflecting incremental costs at our five new domestic parks in the first five months to the year, including lease expense and cost to operate and rebrand the parks. Incremental costs to lease and operate Magic Waters, increased costs from mandated minimum wage increases and competitive wage rate adjustments in several labor markets and incremental legal and various other costs associated with our device settlement. Substantially, reducing the settlements' impact on EBITDA.

Aside from the additional costs from the six new parks, our core costs grew in line with inflation. The profit margin on our in-park sales was consistent with prior year, and an increase in cost to sales is driven by a higher volume of culinary and merchandise sales. We had net income of $10 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.12 for the first six months of 2019 compared to net income of $12 million, with diluted earnings per share of $0.14 for the same period in 2018.

Deferred revenue as of June 30, was up $8 million or 4% over prior year due to increased sales of new memberships in all season dining products. An incremental deferred revenue associated with our international development agreements, offset by a higher mix of longer tenured members versus last year. Going forward. The Company expects deferred revenue growth will be muted and may decline as a growing pool of members retain their memberships beyond their initial 12 month commitment period, at which time revenue is recognized monthly if cash is received and no longer contributes to deferred revenue. On an LTM basis, our modified EBITDA margin remain the industry high at 40%. Our balance sheet is very healthy with no borrowings on our revolver, a $115 million of cash on hand and no debt maturities before 2024. In the second quarter, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement for $300 million of our $800 million variable rate term loan, which together with our fixed rate bond, makes 78% of our total debt fixed at an average interest rate of 4.9%.

Net leverage at the end of the second quarter was 3.9 times adjusted EBITDA, which should come down as our earnings grow. We expect to pay minimal federal taxes this year and next. And do not expect to become a full cash taxpayer until 2024 at the earliest. Although our unlimited NOL carry forwards run out at the end of 2020, we have continuing limited NOL carry forwards that yield [Phonetic] approximately $32 million of taxable income per year through 2024. We also have foreign tax credits and bonus accelerated depreciation, which enables us to write off a 100% of our current year capital spending, plus the remaining makers depreciation from capital expenditures made prior to 2018, the year of tax reform.

We feel our leverage is very appropriate given the recurring nature of our cash flow. And we are comfortable growing our dividend every year. As has been our consistent policy, all excess cash flow remaining after dividend payments will be used to repurchase shares unless we find compelling incremental investments with a high return. At the end of June. The remaining amount authorized for share repurchases was $232 million.

Going forward, there is several considerations to keep in mind. First, our six new parks were immediately accretive to EBITDA. And will provide a quick payback. But they are dilutive to margins and per capita spending metrics. We also incurred incremental lease rebranding and operating costs during the first half of the year that were not incurred in 2018 due to the timing of the acquisition last year making year to date comparisons challenging. Beginning next year. All that Magic Waters, the Magic Waters Waterpark are fully comparable to prior year periods, which should allow us to grow EBITDA and margins again. Second, as members enter their 13th month, revenue is recognized evenly each month, regardless of attendance, this has the effect of benefiting per cap spending metrics in Q1 and Q4.

Third, as we continue to be successful in upgrading higher volumes of new guest sales from single day tickets and season passes into our membership programs, a growing proportion of that revenue would traditionally have been earn -- fully earned in the current calendar year will now shift into the following year.

Finally, we expect to record stock based compensation related to options of $4 million to $5 million per quarter and will not record expense associated with Project 750 until attainment becomes probable. Like Jim, I feel very good about our ability -- ability to grow in the balance of the year and our ability to accelerate growth in the next few years.

Our Active Pass Base is at a record high, which provides a strong hedge against inclement weather. And in the back half of this year, we will be overlapping significant rainfall last year that negatively affected attendance at many of our parks. The last July through June time period was the wettest 12 months of all time. In the last three years, it set consecutive rainfall records in the U.S. We have grown nicely even in that environment.

Our recurring revenue model is strong and building momentum. And we are well positioned to continue to grow even faster once the weather reverts back to the mean. We should also benefit from our ongoing investment in special events such as Fright Fest and Holiday in the Park. And membership in all season dining program penetration of our Active Pass Base continues to grow with membership units and dining units up significantly.

The continued growth of these programs will drive enhanced performance in 2019 and beyond. Finally, revenue from our international agreement should accelerate further as we receive approvals in China to continue to add new locations and over the medium term to begin opening parks. And now, I will turn the call back over to Jim.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Marshall. We are the leading regional theme park company in the world and our team will never stop innovating and developing ways to capitalize on our five strategic pillars to achieve profitable and sustainable growth. First, we are increasing membership penetration on a growing Active Pass Base. Our premium membership and loyalty programs are driving significant recurring revenue by increasing both average selling prices and retention rates. The annualized cash flow from our current base of members now represents nearly 25% of our trailing 12 month guest spending revenue, up from 20% in Q1. And benefits will compound as we continue to add new annual membership layers.

Our loyalty program, provides incentives for guests to become members and to stay in the membership program. And we now have more than three quarters of a million [Phonetic] members who have voluntarily signed up to be in the loyalty program. This structure drives engagement with our members, and the guest response is that they love the program.

Second, we are improving ticket yields. We have very high value for the money ratings in our guest satisfaction surveys, and we provide a compelling value compared to other forms of entertainment, allowing us to strategically raise prices mid single digits for years to come.

Our growing membership program, also improves ticket yields as members move into higher priced tiers.

Third, we are growing our valuable in-park programs. Our expansive Active Pass Base, and special events provide opportunities to sell more products when guests visit our parks.

This year, we are installing Wi-Fi in all of our parks, with installation already complete at most parks. This will improve, the guest experience and guest engagement, allow us to leverage new application such as mobile dining and our enhanced mobile app and provide a dash -- additional guests email addresses that, along with other actions, has grown our contact lists by double digits in just the last six months.

Higher membership penetration will also support in-park programs as members are more likely to buy a dining pass, and spend more when they're in our parks.

Fourth, we are expanding in North America. We can significantly improve the profitability of acquired parks in adjacent markets by leveraging our Active Pass Base to grow attendance and revenue, and by improving acquired park margins through cost synergies.

We have a very disciplined approach to M&A that ensures we will not overpay for acquisitions or stray from our core business. And we have been able to utilize our strong cash flow and balance sheet to quickly capitalize on opportunities. This has allowed us to acquire eight parks since announcing this strategy in the first quarter of 2017 and there are a variety of acquisition targets remaining.

Fifth, we are building our international franchise. Our strong global brand allows us to extend into emerging markets where the middle class is growing and entertainment options are limited providing growth above and beyond our domestic markets with zero capital investment. We have eight parks in three locations under construction and are working to restart construction on four additional parks in Nanjing, China.

Our pipeline remains robust and we are optimistic that we will be able to announce new locations in the coming years.

Underlying these five growth drivers, we are very comfortable consistently investing 9% of revenue into capital spending, putting something new and exciting in each of our parks every year. We are convinced that this is the absolute right level of investment and as a direct result, our modified EBITDA less CapEx margin remains the highest in the industry by several hundred basis points. We are fully committed to enhancing shareholder value by returning all excess cash flow to shareholders in the form of dividends and share buybacks, and also protecting shareholder capital by pursuing capital light avenues of growth with high returns on investment.

Our dividend yield of 6.2% [Phonetic] is among the highest in the U.S. market and we are committed to growing the dividend every year for the foreseeable future.

Our aspirational goal of $750 million of modified EBITDA by 2021 reflects an 8% annualized EBITDA growth rate from the end of 2018. While it remains an ambitious goal, we believe it is achievable given our significant and unique high margin growth opportunities. Remember, our employees are also shareholders and they are determined to deliver exceptional value to both guests and shareholders. As I've said on the last few calls, I believe that our shares are undervalued. Six Flags is a truly global regional theme park Company with an attractive and vibrant brand, excellent team and superb guest satisfaction scores. Over time, our five key strategic initiatives and our growing stream of recurring revenue from membership programs should allow us to rewrite to a significantly higher multiple, especially now that we are below the low end of our historical range. At this time, I'm going to ask our operator, Natalia to open the call for any questions.

Questions and Answers:

Operator

[Operator Instructions] And your first question is on the line of Ian Zaffino with Oppenheimer.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Ian.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Ian.

Mark Zhang -- Oppenheimer -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, guys. This is Mark on for Ian. Thanks for taking our questions. So I guess, question would be on, number one, can you guys just speak a bit on retention and specifically what you guys are seeing on the membership side? Thanks.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure, we're -- we are seeing very strong retention numbers with regard to membership. If you think about what we've historically had, Mark, traditionally the industry has had single day visitors or season pass holders and come the end of any year, those season pass holders go away and then you have to fight basically to, you know, to get them back. Well, we don't have that with members, they stay with us. And many of them stay for years. We've got some that have been with us right from the start of the program. The beauty, though, of the new membership program that we introduced last year is that the value opportunity there is much more significant than anything we've had in the past. And we've seen that people love the program, are sticking with us and really enjoying it. Obviously, there is some churn, just as you would get with you with any business like this, but it's substantially below what you'd see with if you -- if you simply had a traditional season pass program.

Mark Zhang -- Oppenheimer -- Analyst

Okay, terrific. Thank you. And then just a follow up in terms of volume growth for memberships and the potential there. What anything -- would you guys say you guys are in? And then how much room to grow is left ? Thanks.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

It's -- it's a great question. So you heard me describe earlier being, you know, at the point where basically the penetration is still relatively low. We're getting 25% of our recurring revenue from memberships of our total revenue base, the guest revenue from memberships. So there's a long way to go. So if I put it in simple terms, we're probably in the second or third innings. Marshall, would you add to that?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

No, I think you said, you said what needs to be said there.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Okay. Thank you, Mark.

Mark Zhang -- Oppenheimer -- Analyst

Okay, thank you, guys.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Brett Andress with KeyBanc Capital Market.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Brett.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi Brett.

Brett Andress -- KeyBanc Capital Market -- Analyst

Good morning, guys. Just two quick ones for me, first. How would you describe the weather during the second quarter? I mean, was the weather normal? Was it worse than normal? One of your competitors was out with results that saw trends really pick up in the last few weeks of the quarter in around the holidays, I just wondered if you saw similar trends in your business as your quarter ended. And then the second. Indeed, Marshall, can you help us tease out what per caps would have been if we strip out Premiere and Magic Waters in the second quarter? I think that the press release seem to indicate that they they would have been up if we exclude that.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Brett, let me take question number one and then Marshall can take question number two. I think it's fair to say and Marshall did describe this in his prepared comments that the last 12 months truly have been recorded as the wettest 12 months in North American history. And I can say that the -- the second quarter was -- was still pretty bad. I wouldn't comment on -- on July because, we try to avoid commenting on -- on -- on current, current quarters. But it has continued to -- to have significant rainfall throughout the country, especially on the East Coast. So weather has definitely impacted us in the last 12 months. And, we're hoping that it does turn. There hasn't been some sort of -- substantial reversal of that of that trend. Marshall, do you want to talk about the -- the impact of -- of the new parks on per caps.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure, Jim. Though year to date, the guest spending per cap was up $0.03. If you just look at the existing parks, the legacy parks, per cap spending was up nicely. It was really diluted by park mix, which was the new parks attendance in the -- in the mix. Our goal going forward is to further increase the per caps as we grow our membership -- the membership base, the dining pass penetration and we continue to apply proven revenue synergies to the parks. If you look inside the metrics, the actual per cap metrics, they're operating just as we had expected. The memberships are significantly higher than season passes from a per cap perspective and the 13 plus memberships are even higher than that. So -- so the per caps are delivering. You just can't see it because of the park mix.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Brett, I would just add to that, if you will think about the two topics we've just covered, both weather and per cap with the new parks. Even with that, we had our highest second quarter of all time and have delivered record numbers. So it does show you the power of what we've got. Not only with with membership, but with the core parks, organic growth and success. And I feel very good about the ability to continue to -- to see that sort of growth going forward, especially given that we have the opportunity to improve the margins and the performance of those newer parks over time.

Brett Andress -- KeyBanc Capital Market -- Analyst

Understood. Thank you for that. And I had -- just had one more, I guess, clarification, and I'm sorry if I misunderstood this. But Marshall, I think you said the settlement from DXB was $5.7 million. I thought it was $7.5 million from one of the releases. So which one is it?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yes. So it's $7.5 million. I think that's what I said. But if I said $5.7 million, then I misspoke. It's $7.5 million.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

And I think, what you may have heard him also talk about is that there -- the impact on EBITDA is substantially lower than that because of incremental legal and other costs associated with a settlement. So there were two comments that he'd made, Brett.

Brett Andress -- KeyBanc Capital Market -- Analyst

Understood. Thank you for that clarification

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much.

Brett Andress -- KeyBanc Capital Market -- Analyst

Thanks, Brett.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Steve Wieczynski with Stifel.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Steve.

Steve Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, guys. How are you?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Great. Good.

Steve Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst

So. So, Jim, I guess if we look at the 2% in the -- in the Active Pass Base at the end of June, obviously that's down from 5% at the end of the first quarter. I guess, the question is, does does that deceleration in growth surprise you at all? And am I missing something structurally with the calendar or is that low single digit growth through the first six months kind of in line with what you guys would have expected?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So as you said, Steve, were up 2% over last year's record high. And every single quarter going back, for minimum five years since we became -- began tracking, this has been a record, although definitely weather, we think impacted 2019 and diminished somewhat where we could have been. Now, the reality is that the composition of of our Active Pass Base has been changing due to the focus on membership. And we have higher annual prices there. And the benefit of that is that members stay with us longer, which should help to grow the Active Pass Base as we go forward from here. So I'm actually happy with the Active Pass Base growth where it is -- in an all time record consistently growing and I'm looking forward to seeing continued growth going forward.

Steve Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst

Okay, gotcha. And then the second question would be around the waiting across the four tiers of your membership program. And I think you talked about Diamond and Diamond Elite growing kind of double digits. But you know what I'm getting at here are -- are those four tiers remaining pretty consistent, especially on the lower end. And I guess, what we're trying to figure out here is your -- is your core customer still pretty healthy?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Our core customer is very healthy. And certainly the thing that most pleasantly surprised us is what you were getting at there, Steve. But we didn't anticipate having as higher percentage of Diamond -- Diamond Elite as we do. So it's been very positive overall experience. There's been stability in those numbers over time. If anything, that's been a little bit of a growth in the Diamond, Diamond Elite side at the expense of gold plus and platinum, which I think obviously works in our favor. So this one definitely were a surprise in a good way and it reinforces that the -- our guests seem to be in a good place.

Steve Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst

Okay, great. Thanks guys. I appreciate it.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you very much.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of James Hardiman with Wedbush Securities.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, James.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, James.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Hi, good morning. How are you guys doing?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Very well, James.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Thanks for taking my questions. I guess just a point of clarification and obviously wanted to flesh this out a little bit, but it sounds like in China, your Chongqing park that you both recognize revenue for the second quarter and you also did a catch up payment for the first quarter and you expect to continue recognize revenue going forward on that? Is that accurate?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

That's correct. It wasn't so much a catch up payment. Why don't you describe it Marshall?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. It wasn't a catch up payment per se, but we had stopped recording revenue in the first quarter. So really we were just getting back on the schedule that we had talked about in the fourth quarter. And so our expectation now is it will continue to -- we'll continue to record revenue there going forward.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Okay. That's really helpful. Catch up revenue recognition, I guess I should say?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Correct, yes.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

That's right.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

So I guess my next question then would be if the timetable holds, I think for Nanjing, you had talked about six months to nine months, we were pleasantly surprised this morning that you were able to hold the timetable on Chongqing. Should we similarly expect an announcement on Nanjing on the third quarter call if that holds up, and I guess sort of secondary question there, if you're able to keep that timetable, should we expect a similar revenue recognition catch up for 1Q and 2Q in the third quarter numbers?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So James, I genuinely cannot comment and say the time is here or there, we don't know because those discussions are ongoing. But the reality is that once we get to the point that we are comfortable, I promise you, we'll communicate. And yes, if it's a positive decision, then we have the ability to record a catch up value to for that park. But it's too early to say that right now, although discussions are ongoing and they seem very positive.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Got it. And then I guess just lastly on the international front, maybe with the First China site, maybe an update on construction and I'm assuming the opening date is still on schedule there, but maybe just update us, I think there's a lot of investors or potential investors that aren't sure we'll ever get to that finish line. So maybe just a little bit of an update there.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. No, I'm happy to go through that. And I can tell you that the parks that we have talked about both in Haiyan and Chongqing, the construction has continued there. And the timing that we had given you. I think Marshall referred to this as being on the fourth quarter calls. Those hold at this time, if there's ever an update, I promise you, we will give you an update. But we're progressing at both of those parks.

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much, James.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Michael Swartz with SunTrust

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, guys.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Michael.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning.

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

Hey, Marshall, just clarification, housekeeping question and I may have missed it. What? How much did you record in international licensing revenue during the quarter?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

$20 million

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

So it's $20 million. And that included the $7.5 million settlement. And the -- I think the catch up, as you referred to it -- to James's question.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

That's correct.

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

Okay perfect. And then just with regards to the membership program, have you ever broken out or can you talk about -- give us a little context to maybe what percentage of your membership activity are coming from upgrades of season pass versus people who may have never been part of the active pass program before?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

I won't give you a number, Michael, but I can tell you that it is a fairly high proportion. We're getting. We're really getting from a number of sources. We're getting season pass holders who are upgrading to memberships. We're also getting single day visitors. And because of our ability to go after our, new potential members and season pass holders through our Wi-Fi program, we're actually finding new people that may be would visit the park but never be registered for us to contact. So it's coming from multiple sources. But if you said single greatest source, it would probably be season pass holders.

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much, Micheal.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of David Katz with Jefferies

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good Morning, David.

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Hi. Good morning, everyone. Congrats on a -- on a solid quarter.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, David.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

I just -- I know that we've maybe addressed this matter, but I just wanted to make sure I'm clear about it. When I read the release about Active Pass growth for the first six months and then I look at the first quarter release, I believe the first quarter indicated 5% growth and the six months indicated 2% growth, which kind of implies a -- a direction in that active pass growth. Am I reading that correctly? How should I interpret that?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Go ahead, Marshall.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah, you are. You are reading that correctly. What are the things that -- that Jim mentioned was that we've actually grown, had record quarters every quarter since 2014. we've done that by finding different ways to continue to grow. What has really become a massive season pass and membership base of 8 million people at the end of the year. And so memberships is a way that we will continue to grow. So but you are reading it correctly. I think having a record...

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Let me clarify one thing though, Marshall becasue David, I want to make sure that we understood what you said because you talked about the growth being over the end of the year, I think. But I may have misheard you. The growth is over the equivalent time period last year. So remember that the -- the base of -- of active pass holders does move as we go forward and changes over time. So Marshall is right. It's an absolute record. But our comparison of 2% is to June of last year as well, not to December of -- of 2018.

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

All right. I think -- we are clear. Thank you. And just my second issue that I wanted to raise is just within operating expenses. I think in there there was sort of onetime rebranding. And I want to make sure that we're sort of treating the OpEx the right way going forward. Have you indicated to us how much the onetime rebranding was? And, we're just trying to sort of get to the run rate that we should be thinking about going forward?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. Yeah. We have not broken out exactly what the rebranding is, but the cost increases were driven by the new parks which included the rebranding. So if you strip out -- we strip out the new parks, I think you can assume we'll be in line with inflation, which is where we have been year to date.

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Got it. And one last one, if you don't mind, which is, Jim, I heard your commentary around stock and stock value and so forth. Is it fair to ask the question about how you think about repurchasing your own stock relative to the investment opportunities that you have? And how those two -- you see those two comparing with each other today?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, I think that -- that's a really good question, David. And you know that I am one of the largest personal shareholders in the Company. I think, I'm in the top five. So I firmly believe in the ability to the Company to grow consistently and for the share price to continue to grow. But if you look at the Company's position, it's fairly simple. We return all excess cash flow to shareholders. I've described this being in the form of growing dividends and share repurchases. In the last few years, we basically return nearly $3.7 billion to shareholders in the form of dividends and share buyback. So it's very clear that we believe in the potential for growth, but you've also got to remember there's seasonality to this business. So we tend to build most cash over the summer as the parks are open and then we spend most capital in the first half of the year. So we tend not to -- if you look -- unless there's some sort of special event, we tend not to repurchase shares in the first half of the year.

We tend to do it in the second half and we'll continue to look for opportunities to repurchase shares using our strong cash flow and balance sheet as we go forward.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. And the only thing I'd add to that is as we balance whether to do share repurchases or other acquisitions like we did last year, it's really about shareholder value. And if we can get it, if we can get parks for a great value that we know that we can add synergies to like we did with the last purchase that we did. Then we'll -- we'll obviously go after those parks, but we'll never overpay. And as you said, we always have our stock price, which we think is a great value as a backstop for excess cash.

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Got it. Thank you. And congrats. Thanks for taking my questions.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much, David.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, David.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Tyler Batory with Janney Capital Market.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi Tyler.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning.

Tyler Batory -- Janney Capital Market -- Analyst

Hey, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions here. So I wanted to ask about the acquisition parks, specifically Chicago and the Premier parks. How are those performing versus your expectations when you did those transactions and any color, you can provide on what those parks are doing as far as contributing to season pass sales on memberships?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Marshall, you go ahead and take this.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Sure. Yeah. We are very pleased. Now the Chicago park is -- is brand new, so we haven't really had enough time to do anything there. Although -- although we are selling upgrades to Chicago park. In terms of the Premier parks, I think I'd say that we're very pleased with how they finished up last year. We're also very pleased with how they're doing this year.

We've had some rain in Buffalo. But even with that, we were able to grow for a comparable period in June for those parks. I think -- I think the other thing and Jim mentioned in the script, but, if you look at the June months, those parks grew in attendance revenue and EBITDA which was the comparable period.

If you look at the existing parks that they actually grew on a year to date basis in attendance revenue and EBITDA and international also grew in revenue and EBITDA. So I think, we get a nice balance of growth in all three of those areas.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

I want to add one more thing, which is Marshall referenced some -- some weather in Buffalo. And it's really important to note that on days when there isn't weather. We do extremely well. In other words, on normal days, we do extremely well. And I mentioned earlier that even with all of that, we set records in the second quarter. So I -- we're very proud not only of our existing parks, the original ones, but the new parks that we added Premier and Rockford. They're doing very well.

Tyler Batory -- Janney Capital Market -- Analyst

Okay, great. That's helpful. And then I wanted to ask if you have any updated thoughts on M&A, potential industry consolidation. Obviously, been a few deals out there since the last call.So wondering, what you think about the opportunity set that's out there.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

There are always opportunities out there. I think, I mentioned in my -- in the prepared comments that we're looking at potential deals. These tend to be smaller deals involving singles or a handful of parks together. So we do that on an ongoing basis, as a matter of course, with regard to bigger deals. We look at everything that comes up, but we are extremely disciplined about how we spend our shareholder's money. And so, there have been several deals that we have walked away from because we have felt that they have been too expensive and we'll continue to do that and only make purchases that we think will really add long term shareholder value.

Tyler Batory -- Janney Capital Market -- Analyst

Okay great. That's all from me. Thank you.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Tyler.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Great, thanks

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Tim Conder with Wells Fargo Securities.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Tim.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Tim.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Thank you. Good morning, gentlemen. A couple of just clarifications on China first. So broadly, when you look at China collectively, would you say the timeline overall has improved, stayed the same or slipped a little since 90 days ago?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

I think the timeline that we described a 180 days ago still holds. Right now, Tim, and same as it was 90 days ago. And if anything changes, we will update you and all of our shareholders.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Okay. Okay And then within the international revenues, was anything recognized for Saudi Arabia during the quarter?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yes. So Saudi Arabia, as we're recognizing revenue as we've always done. So if you think about the way that these -- we recognized revenue in the pre opening periods, it's largely a fixed amount of revenue that we spread over the time it takes to develop and build those park. So we are recording revenue with all parks on a quarterly basis that are in process.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Okay. Okay. And then Jim or Marshall, whoever wants to take this, in relation to the -- to the cash taxes, you gave a little bit of commentary, Marshall. Quite a bit actually in the preamble. But could. Could you just remind us, the cash tax amounts '19, '20, '21 that you expect -- that you guys have talked about that in conferences and so forth. But just maybe give us an update, remind us where those stand at this point?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Sure. So '19 will be very similar to 2018. It will be $30 million to $35 million. The same is true in 2020. In 2021, we will have a -- there'll be a lot of variables. But will start to grow in 2021. It could be dependent on earnings up to $50 million or so. But -- and then -- and then in 2024 is when we really become a full tax payer.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Okay, OK. And then gentlemen back to any comments on -- and you gave some color and we appreciate that. Any color on the memberships as of June 30 as a percent of your total Active Pass Base? And then -- on a comparable maybe amount from a year ago?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah we don't -- if you remember, Tim, we don't comment on the Active Pass Base totals until the end of the year and we will be happy to do it then, but what I can tell you is that, it's been growing really, really nicely. As I said, double-digits growth overall shifting percentage of the mix in favor of membership. So we're really, really happy with that growth.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Okay. And lastly, gentlemen. The growth in the memberships that you talked about was asked about earlier, historically I think we -- trying to think thus for one of your competitors also has that been impacted to a degree by park visitation, meaning if Q2 has some weather impacts, does that impact the rate at which members sign up? I know, they can do it online also, but is that a factor that could have potentially had some impact here?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, it definitely Tim can have an impact if -- if there is really bad weather, it can affect you for a period of time. But as we've always said, over a period of a year or so, it tends to even out even though it has been a -- certainly a rough 36 months, as Marshall described. We're still at record levels, not only in terms of the Active Pass Base, but we've never seen levels like we have today of member, member sign up. They are really powering ahead and doing very, very well. And I also mentioned in the script, the ability that we now have to sign people up in park as well as online. So even if somebody is not able to be at the park for whatever reasons, we can still sign them up online. So while it may have some sort of dampening effect, if weather is bad, we're certainly, I think, powering through that.

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Okay. Thank you, gentlemen.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks very much, Tim.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Alex Maroccia with Berenberg.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Alex.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Alex.

Alex Maroccia -- Berenberg -- Analyst

Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Just a quick follow up on some of these season pass descriptions you've been talking about. So are you seeing any success in the ancillary season passes, such as the season FLASH passes or the Picture pass, right now?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah I should have -- I should really have commented about that, because we are seeing success there. The programs that we have in place target multiple areas for getting season passes and actually memberships. And so the increases there have been very strong too.

Alex Maroccia -- Berenberg -- Analyst

Okay, great. Thanks. And then just one on the balance sheet. You mentioned during the comments earlier that you're currently unconcerned with the debt right now given that a lot of it matures in five plus years. But are you planning to deploy any cash toward repayment in near future?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Well, our plan has been, like it has been over the last several years as earnings grow, the leverage will come down. So right now, other than the amortization of the term loan which we have, we don't plan on any other paydowns in the future.

Alex Maroccia -- Berenberg -- Analyst

Okay. Got it. Thank you.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Alex.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Chris Prykull with Goldman Sachs.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Chris.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Chris.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Good morning, guys. Thanks so much for taking the questions.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

You bet.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

On admissions per capita, how should we think about the growth of that line item going forward, given the success that you're having in upselling memberships? I guess, all else equal, 3Q, you don't have as many incremental operating days from -- from acquisitions, really just Magic Waters, I guess. And so would that number be sort of more similar to what you actually are seeing from a price increase standpoint?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. That -- that's true. It is -- it's much more comparable in the third quarter. There is always a park mix that will impact it. So if -- if it's really hot and water parks do better, that will impact it. But yeah, generally it's comparable in Q3 and we should see some growth.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

I would add to that that over time you should see an acceleration above that -- growth that Marshall talks about it. If you think about the mix that we've got, we've got several factors that were first of all, you don't have the new parks comparison impacting it the same way as you have traditionally.

So per caps will be normalized as we go into Q3 and forward. And then over time, as memberships become a much bigger proportion of our overall base, they are at higher price points than traditional season passes. And so, we should see a shift in our favor from a per cap perspective over a period of time.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Got it. That's helpful. And then, just going back to the Active Pass Base for a second. I don't mean to harp on it. I think, I was up 2% year over year as of 630[Phonetic]. It was up 8% last year, 10% the year before that. Obviously, each of those growth rates on top of a record base, to your point. How should we think about your ability to grow the Active Pass Base going forward? What -- what is the reasonable rate? What are the key levers? Is it really just going to grow with population growth from here? And then do you look at that metric as a leading indicator for attendance internally?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So it's a very good metric. And I think, we're the only Company that actually publishes our Active Pass Base annually. We described what it is at the end of last year is $8 million[Phonetic]. I can assure you that there isn't a regional theme park company that has the sort of Active Pass Base that we have and it is growing nicely. And yet, even with all of that, when you look at penetration, we are only in the position where 40% of our unique visitors have a pass. So I look at it and I say, over time, we will consistently and aggressively go after growing the Active Pass Base. It's a big number, but there's tremendous opportunity to be able to grow it. So my perspective is you will see growth there. It will vary and depends on, the initiatives that we have in place. But we anticipate growth. I just won't give you a number, specific number. As you know, we won't provide the guidance, Chris.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Fair enough. Worth trying. How many -- how many trips per year are season pass and members at right now. And how has that trended over time? Has it been up or down?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

It's -- our season pass and members visit three times to four times. Our members actually visit more. And actually the higher tier members visit more often than the lower tier members. If they get a Dining Pass, they would visit even more. But in general, it's been three times to four times. That's been consistent. It's been up a point or down a point, you know, different years. But that's generally what we see is three times to four times.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

And we really haven't seen much of a change in terms of the number -- the number of visits, as Marshall said.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Got it. And maybe just lastly, dividend growth. How -- how are you all thinking about that going from here?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So, Chris, we will be growing the dividend and we'll do it consistently over the next few years. I'm not going to give you a number and say here's what it's going to be, because obviously that's decided annually by our Board in -- in meetings. But a strong, sustainable cash dividend is a really important part of the value proposition that we offer shareholders. And we will grow that every year just as we have done successfully for the past eight years.

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Great to hear. Thanks so much. And good luck the rest of the summer.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Chris.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Chris.

Operator

Your next question is from the line of Paul Golding with Macquarie Capital.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Paul

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Paul

Paul Golding

Hi. Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. My first question is around loyalty. I was wondering if there was anything you could say to size incremental monetization or the opportunity with the loyalty program for your pass -- for membership members?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah, it's a really good question, Paul. I described earlier that we already have 750,000 people who signed up. And by the way, we don't force people to take loyalty. They sign up for it. And so it's been very positive response. It's an exclusive benefit only for members. And it rewards the people who are our most loyal and who, voluntarily sign up. They earned -- majority of their points by spending money in the park. So there really is a goal to monetize loyalty and they're rewarded for behaviors that we want to encourage. So it's not just spending money, it's visiting the park, going on rides, participating in contests, doing surveys, things that really engage guests. And they're in a position where it's quite attractive for them because they can redeem points for food, souvenirs, park tickets and one of a kind experiences. And these are relatively low cost to us, but really valued highly by members. In addition, we get information about members and about over time about people who are related to the members or friends of members. And we encourage them to -- to join up in the loyalty program and also become a member. So we're in a position where the growth has been very strong and building every day. And we think, the potential to monetize it is very strong.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah, and I think the other thing I'd add to that is if you're a member prior to February of 2018, you don't have the ability to get loyalty unless you upgrade into the new membership program. So we've now made it very easy on the app. So it's really just a one click upgrade into the new membership program. They commit to another 12 months and then they also get to enjoy the loyalty. So it's -- it's been a nice incentive to upgrade from the old membership program into the new one as well.

Paul Golding

And the difference in the upgrade is you're saying going from traditional season pass to membership or a prior version of the same membership program...

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah a prior version of the same membership. Because we know if we can get him into the new membership, and commit to 12 months and then they have the opportunity to upgrade into the Platinum, the Diamond and the Diamond...

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

The higher tiers.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Right.

Paul Golding

I see. I see. Great. That's helpful. And then my last question is around Project 750. So just keeping that in sight. I was hoping if you could give us some color around if there is a main focus or a lever to pull in the coming periods to get there. If you were to -- if you were to focus on one strategic goal.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

I would say, it's not going to be a focus on one strategic goal. I don't think really because Paul, because we are -- we have five initiatives, five major initiatives there. They all have tremendous potential. But if you maybe fourth rank them, I would definitely say, the whole opportunity to drive attendance through membership and season pass penetration will probably be top of my list, followed by pricing, ticket yields and then in-park potential through culinary and other programs, especially membership programs. And then the North American expansion strategy and international, those five will drive the -- the success we get in going after Project 750. The entire -- as I said earlier, the entire organization in terms of full time staff, are shareholders, and they really want very badly to be able to achieve this goal.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Right. Thanks so much, Jim. Appreciate it.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

Your final question is from the line of Ryan Sundby with William Blair.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Good morning, Ryan.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Good morning, Ryan.

Ryan Sundby -- William Blair -- Analyst

Yeah, thanks for taking my question. Just again, I'll end here on one last Active Pass Base question. Could you maybe talk about how the sales cycles line up between season passes and memberships because it feels like season passes are intended to -- just be sold earlier before the season starts. And I would think, membership maybe happens closer to the date of visitation. So just wondering if there's a -- maybe a misalignment of timing there and maybe that -- that's, working toward kind of lower pass base growth number earlier in the year.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Right. So the season pass. You're right. We -- because we actually increase price throughout the year. The season pass incentive is to by now. We still from membership perspective, we like -- we're working to sell those people with membership as well. But in terms of where the big sales are, it's really the incentive if you think about it. Because if you buy it in May, June, July, you buy a membership, you get 365 days. Whereas if you buy a season pass, you just get to the end of the season. So the incentive to switch is really higher in the summer months than it is in the lower months. But we've actually seen and I think we talked about in Q3 and Q4, we've seen nice growth in transition from season pass into memberships in all quarters. But -- but just in terms of the -- the natural cadence, there is a little bit of a difference, it's summer for memberships and the incentive would be more in season pass.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So, Ryan, I would -- I would add on top of that -- that we have a team that is dedicated to looking at sales, obviously, in marketing, and there is a calendar that is very clearly laid out to optimize timing on how we sell memberships season pass single day tickets. So for example, coming up in about a month, we have a FLASH sale which focuses on season passes and making sure that we sell a lot of season passes in advance of next season. And we have the same sort of thing for membership. We have it for -- sometime for single day tickets. And that is a calendar that's laid out and goes throughout the year and targets optimizing how we sell. And that has traditionally been very successful and continues to be

Ryan Sundby -- William Blair -- Analyst

Okay great. And then just lastly, on China. So next quarter, we're kind of back to normal rates with the three parts that are going -- approved. And if that's right. Marshall, just given that kind of a catch up stuff in the Dubai payment, can you just tell us, what's the good number kind of used for that going forward?

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Well, we're not going to give guidance for what the revenue number is. What I -- what I will say is that there is -- it is a normal revenue recognition for the Saudi park, the four parks in Chongqing and then the three parks in Haiyan.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

So it's eight parks. And you remember from my comments that we're still waiting on Nanjing for the remaining four parks. So eight parks total, not -- not three parks, as you had mentioned there.

Ryan Sundby -- William Blair -- Analyst

So that's -- I meant the three sites?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Three sites. Yeah. Got it.

Ryan Sundby -- William Blair -- Analyst

Okay, that helps. Thank you.

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank very much, Ryan.

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

Operator

There are no further questions. Are there any closing remarks?

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

There are. Natalia, thank you. So our 2019 season is off to a good start and we are looking forward to delivering our 10th consecutive record year. Thank you very much for your continued support of Six Flags. We hope to see you in one of our exciting parks very soon. Take care. Natalia, that ends our call. Yeah.

Operator

[Operator Closing Remarks]

Duration: 57 minutes

Call participants:

Stephen R. Purtell -- Senior Vice President of Investor Relations

Jim Reid-Anderson -- Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Marshall Barber -- Chief Financial Officer

Paul Golding

Mark Zhang -- Oppenheimer -- Analyst

Brett Andress -- KeyBanc Capital Market -- Analyst

Steve Wieczynski -- Stifel -- Analyst

James Hardiman -- Wedbush Securities -- Analyst

Michael Swartz -- SunTrust -- Analyst

David Katz -- Jefferies -- Analyst

Tyler Batory -- Janney Capital Market -- Analyst

Tim Conder -- Wells Fargo Securities -- Analyst

Alex Maroccia -- Berenberg -- Analyst

Chris Prykull -- Goldman Sachs -- Analyst

Ryan Sundby -- William Blair -- Analyst

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